10 Bài ôn luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT Quốc gia năm 2017 - Phần: Đọc hiểu 1

THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT - 2017
PHẦN : ĐỌC HIỂU (1)
NOTE:
Các bài đọc hiểu được trình bày theo kiểu xuống dòng từng câu và tách dòng từng đoạn, 
khoảng cách dòng và kiểu chữ vừa phải. 
Nhờ đó các bạn học sinh đọc bài, dịch bài và hiểu nội dung một cách dễ dàng. 
Nâng cao được khả năng viết câu, phân tích câu và hiểu được nội dung của câu.
Nguyên tắc:
- Khi gặp tiếng Anh, đầu tiên ta phải biết các từ đơn lẻ : house, go, nice, at, happily 
- Các từ đơn lẻ gồm 5 loại : danh từ, động từ, tính từ, giới từ và trạng từ
- Các từ đơn lẻ ghép lại thành câu: câu có hành động HOẶC câu không có hành động
- Nhiều câu ghép lại thành đoạn văn
- Nhiều đoạn văn ghép lại thành bài văn
EXERCISES: Dịch các bài đọc hiểu sau và trả lời các câu hỏi bên dưới:
BÀI 1
Bananas and plantains are today grown in every humid tropical region and 
constitutes the 4th largest fruit crop of the world. 
The plant needs 10 - 15 months of frost-free conditions to produce a flower stalk. 
All but the hardiest varieties stop growing when the temperature drops below 53° F. 
Growth of the plant begins to slow down at about 80° F and stop entirely 
when the temperature reaches 100° F. 
High temperatures and bright sunlight will also scorch leaves and fruit, 
although bananas grow best in full sun. 
Freezing temperatures will kill the foliage. 
In most areas bananas require wind protection for best appearance and maximum yield. 
They are also susceptible to being blown over. 
Bananas, especially dwarf varieties, make good container specimens if given careful attention. 
The plant will also need periodic repotting as the old plant dies back and new plants develop.  
1. What is the main idea of the passage?  
A. to talk about 4 largest fruit crops of the world
B. to talk about the most suitable living condition of bananas
C. to introduce about banana’s value.
D. to talk about tropical region
2. According to the passage, how long is it from the beginning of a banana’s life to the flower phase ?  
A. 200 - 250 days	B. 250 - 300 days	C. 300 - 450 days	D. 400 - 500 days
3. What happens when the temperature drops below 53° F?  
A. Bananas grow very quickly	B. Bananas grow more quickly
C. Bananas grow very slowly	D. Bananas don’t grow
4. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the growth and the yield of bananas ?  
A. moon	B. temperature	C. wind	D. sun
5. What do bananas require wind protection for?  
A. container specimens	B. height
C. best appearance 	D. best appearance and maximum yield.
BÀI 2
Starting university creates both excitement and anxiety about the move, 
studying and meeting new people. 
For some students, this apprehension is quickly overcome after some days; 
for others the transition takes longer and sometimes they have to suffer from homesickness. 
Those who are homesick often feel that they have no control over their situations. 
Besides that, a lot of work to do, many lessons to learn and unhappiness 
when things are different from their expectations of student life make them feel worse. 
What might help to overcome the problem? 
Here are some advice from psychologists: make as many friends as possible, 
take part in university activities, remember to get enough food and sleep,
 and the busier you are, the less time you will have to feel homesick or lonely; 
but remember to establish a balance between work and leisure.  
1. The text is about _____  
A. university students’ homesickness	B. excitement at university
C. anxiety at university	D. starting university
2. Which sentence is true?  
A. All students can over come their anxiety when starting university.
B. University is a place to worry about.
C. All students at university do not feel homesick.
D. Starting university is not only exciting but also anxious.
3. The word “they” refer to _____  
A. universities	B. the students who can overcome their apprehension
C. the students who feel homesick	D. lessons
4. At university, _____  
A. there are a lot of lessons to learn
B. everything is the same as what students have ever expected
C. students never feel unhappy
D. students have not got a lot of things to do
5. Psychologists advise students _____ to overcome their problems.  
A. not to participate any activities	B. to make as many friend as possible
C. to take leisure all the time	D. to stop studying
BÀI 3
In the United States and Canada, it is very important to look a person in the eyes 
when you are having a conversation with him or her. 
If you look down or to the side when the other person is talking, that person will think that 
you are not interested in what he or she is saying. 
This of course, is not polite. 
If you look down or to the side when you are talking, you may appear hiding something, 
that is, it might seem that you are not honest. 
However, people who are speaking will sometimes look away for a few seconds 
when they are thinking of or trying to find the right word. 
But they always turn immediately back to look the listener in the eyes. 
These social rules are the same for two women, two men, a woman and a man or an adult and a child.  
1. When you are talking to an American or Canadian, you should_____  
A. look to the side	B. look down
C. avoid looking directly at him/ her	D. look directly at him/ her
2. It is very _____ of you not to look in the eyes of the listener while talking.  
A. polite	B. nice	C. honest	D. dishonest
3. Looking down or to the side when the other person is talking means _____  
A. you feel bored with his/ her words	B. you respect of him/ her
C. you are paying attention to her/ him	D. you are afraid of him/ her
4. People can look away for a few seconds while speaking _____  
A. to find the correct word	B. to hide something
C. to hide their feelings	D. to find something
5. These social rules are used for _____  
A. a man and a woman	B. two women	C. two men	D. everybody
BÀI 4
Every year students in many countries learn English. 
Some of these students are young children. 
Others are teenagers. 
Many are adults. 
Some learn at school. 
Others study by themselves. 
A few learn English just by hearing the language in films, on television, 
in the office or among their friends. 
But not many are lucky enough to do that. 
Most people must work hard on their lessons to learn another language. 
Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. 
They study their own language, mathematics and English. 
In England, America or Australia, many boys and girls study their own language, 
which is English and another language, perhaps French, German or Spanish. 
Many adults learn English because it is useful for their work. 
Teenagers often learn English for their higher studies 
because some of their books are in English at the college or university. 
Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English. 
1. According to the writer _____ .  
A. English is useful only to adults	B. no children like learning English
C. only teenagers learn English	D. English is learnt by many generations
2. Most people learn English by _____  
A. watching videos only	B. hearing the language in the office
C. talking with the film stars	D. working hard on their lessons
3. Many boys and girls learn English because _____  
A. English can give them a job	B. it is included in their study courses
C. they have to study their own language	D. their parents make them do it
4. In America and Australia, many school children study _____  
A. their own language and no foreign language
B. such foreign languages as French, German or Spanish
C. English and mathematics only
D. English as a foreign language
5. Many adults learn English because  
A. they want to go abroad	B. most of their books are in English
C. it is useful for their work	D. they want to read newspapers in English
BÀI 5
Students at the age of 18 always have to face difficult decision to make: some want to go on 
with their study at college or university; others prefer to start work immediately. 
Many school leavers are eager to go to work in order to make money 
to live independently and help their parents. 
They always do their best to overcome any obstacles they may encounter. 
Unfortunately, owing to the guidance poor and bold from their parents and teachers, 
most boys and girls are ill- prepared for unemployment. 
Therefore, they often feel worried and build up all sort of fearsome prospects in their mind 
as the time to start work gets nearer. 
It is the duty of the school and family to prepare these young people for their future jobs.  
1. The main idea of the passage is_____  
A. Learning at university	B. Making an important decision at 18
C. Starting to work after leaving school	D. Getting to know about new job.
2. Why do some young people want to find a job after they leave school?  
A. They are badly in need of money	B. They want to get rid of schooling
C. Their parents do not help them	D. They want to lead an independent life
3. What attitude do young people have when they are faced with difficulty?  
A. They just let things go	B. They make good efforts.
C. They complain about their parents and teachers.	D. They do not know what to do
4. The word “Unfortunately” in line 5 is nearest in meaning to .  
A. suddenly	B. unluckily	C. luckily	D. surprisingly
5. Which of the following is NOT true for young people who start work?  
A. difficulty	B. anxiety	C. fear	D. encouragement
BÀI 6
Computerization in high school in the US has had a good effect on students’ learning. 
Students today learn quite differently from in the past. 
Firstly, computers can help teachers explain the lessons interestingly in the classroom, 
which allows students to get a clearer idea about what is being taught, 
and students have more time to ask their teachers questions. 
Secondly, CD-ROM and the Internet can provide students with a lot of data resources 
that can be got by simple key strokes or mouse-clicks. 
This increases the speed at which students learn by minimizing the time spent on 
searching for information. 
To sum up, computerization has already enable high school students to learn in faster, 
easier and more efficient way.  
1. According to the writer,_____  
A. computerization should not be carried out	B. computers are not necessary
C. teachers should not use computers in class	D. computers are helpful to both teachers and students
2. Computers help teachers explain the lesson_____  
A. boringly	B. differently	C. interestingly	D. slowly
3. Students_____  
A. can get data from CD__ROM and the Internet
B. cannot get any data from CD__ROM and the Internet
C. should not use a computer
D. do not like to use a computer
4. Computerization_____  
A. makes students spend a lot of time searching for information
B. is useless
C. helps students learn faster, easier, and more efficient
D. makes lessons difficult to explain
5. When a class is computerized, _____  
A. students can have more time to ask their teachers questions
B. teachers needn’t explain the lessons
C. students cannot get any information
D. students cannot get any clear ideas
Bài 7
A company cannot sell its products if customers do not like the company. 
Employees represent the company. 
Customers identify a company with its employees. 
That is the reason why employees are so important. 
When people work, they work for money. 
They work because they need the money for their own and for their families’ support. 
If the workplace is a happy place, then people work better, produce more, and please the customers. 
A business owner, boss, or manager can create a happy work environment and 
improve the business at the same time. 
He should encourage his employees to think of better ways to do things. 
It is necessary to give the employees who have good ideas some of the profit 
(money made from use of the idea). 
The employees should be given the rights to complain and suggest. 
They also need some medical care to help them feel better in work.  
1. According to the writer, _____  
A. only the boss is important in a company
B. employees play an important role in a company
C. a company needs no customers
D. the boss can sell products without customers
2. Employees work for_____  
A. money	B. products	C. customers	D. supporters
3. People work better_____  
A. without the boss	B. without money
C. in a happy workplace	D. in their families
4. The boss should encourage the employees_____  
A. to think of better way to do things	B. to get some profit
C. to create a happy work environment	D. not to improve the business
5. According to the writer, _____  
A. the employees have no rights to complain and suggest
B. the employees have rights to complain and suggest
C. the employees do not have any medical care
D. the employees cannot get any profit
Bài 8
In the world today, particularly in the two most industrialized areas, North America and Europe, 
recycling is big news. 
People are talking about it, practicing it, and discovering new ways to be sensitive to the environment. Recycling means finding was to use products a second time. 
The motto of the recycling movement is “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle”.
The first step is to reduce garbage. 
In stores, a shopper has to buy products in blister packs, boxes and expensive plastic wrappings. 
A hamburger from a fast food restaurant comes in lots of packaging: usually paper, a box, and a bag. 
All that packaging is wasted resources. 
People should try to buy things that are wrapped simply, and to reuse cups and utensils.
Another way to reduce waste is to buy high-quality products. 
When low quality appliances break, many customers throw them away and buy new ones – 
a loss of more resources and more energy. 
For example, if a customer buys a high-quality appliance that can be easily repaired, 
the manufacturer receives an important message. 
In the same way, if a customer chooses a product with less packaging, 
that customer sends an important message to the manufacturers. 
To reduce garbage, the throwaway must stop.
The second step is to reuse. It is better to buy juices and soft drinks in returnable bottles. 
After customers, empty the bottles, they return them to the store. 
The manufacturers of the drinks collect the bottles, wash them, and then fill them again. 
The energy that is necessary to make new bottles is saved. 
In some parts of the world, returning bottles for money is a common practice. 
In those places, the garbage dumps have relatively little glass and plastic from throwaway bottles.
The third step is being environmentally sensitive is to recycle. 
Spent motor oil can be cleaned and used again. 
Aluminum cans are expensive to make. It takes the same amount of energy to make one aluminum can 
as it does to run a color TV set for three hours. 
When people collect and recycle aluminum (for new cans), 
they help save one of the world’s precious resources. 
1. What is the main topic of the passage?  
A. how to reduce garbage disposal
B. what people often understand about the term ‘recycle‘
C. what is involved in the recycling movement
D. how to live sensitively to the environment.
2. Which is described as one of the most industrialized areas?  
A. Europe	B. Asia	C. Middle East	D. South America
3. What does the word ‘sensitive‘ in the phrase ‘sensitive to the environment’ mean?  
A. cautious	B. logical	C. friendly	D. responding
4. People can do the following to reduce waste EXCEPT_____.  
A. buy high-quality product	B. buy simply-wrapped things
C. reuse cups	D. buy fewer hamburgers
5. Why is it a waste when customers buy low-quality products?  
A. Because people will soon throw them away.
B. Because they have to be repaired many times.
C. Because customers change their ideas all the time.
D. Because they produce less energy.
6. What does it mean Customers can vote with their wallets’?  
A. they can choose the cheapest products
B. they can cast a lot to praise a producer.
C. they can ask people to choose products with less packaging
D. they can tell the producers which products are good for environment by buying them.
7. The word ‘motto‘ is closest in meaning to_____  
A. meaning	B. value	C. belief	D. reference
8. What best describes the process of reuse?  
A. The bottles are collected, washed, returned and filled again.
B. The bottles are filled again after being returned, collected and washed.
C. The bottles are washed, retuned, filled again and collected.
D. The bottles are collected, returned filled again and washed.
9. The garbage dumps in some areas have relatively little glass and plastic because  
A. people are ordered to return bottles.	B. returned bottles are few.
C. not many bottles are made of glass or plastic.	D. each returned bottles is paid.
10. The word ‘practice‘ is closest in meaning to_____.  
A. drill	B. deed	C. exercise	D. belief
11. What are the two things mentioned as examples of recycling?  
A. Aluminum cans and plastic wrappings.
B. Hamburger wrappings and spent motor oil.
C. Aluminum cans and spent motor oil.
D. TV sets and aluminum cans.
12. The energy used to make a can is_____ the energy used to run a color TV set for 3 hours.  
A. as much as	B. less than	C. not worth being compared to	D. more than
13. The word ‘precious‘ is closest in meaning to_____.  
A. natural	B. substantial	C. first	D. invaluable
BÀI 9
Face-to-face conversation is a two-way process: You speak to me, I reply to you and _____(1)_____. 
Two-way _____(2)_____ depends on having a coding system that is understood by both sender and 
_____(3)_____, and an agreed convention about signaling the beginning and end of the message. 
In speech, the coding system is the language _____(4)_____ English or Spanish; the convention that 
one person speaks at _____(5)_____ time may seem too obvious to _____(6)_____ .
In fact, the signals _____(7)_____ in conversations and meetings are often _____(8)_____ .
For example, lowering the pitch of the voice may mean the end of a sentence; a sharp intake of breath 
may signal the desire to _____(9)_____, catching the chairman’s eye may indicate the desire to speak 
in a formal setting like a debate, a clenched fist may indicate anger. 
When _____(10)_____ visual signals are not possible, more formal signals may be needed. 
1.  A. so on	B. versus	C. as well	D. etc.
2.  A. exchange	B. communication	C. interchange	D. correspondence
3.  A. announcer	B. receiver	C. messenger	D. transmitter
4.  A. either	B. like	C. alike	D. as
5. A. the	B. a	C. one	D. all
6.  A. notice	B. recognize	C. mention	D. judge
7. A. being used	B. that people use	C. are used	D. using
8.  A. informal	B. formal	C. non-verbal	D. verbal
9. A. interchange	B. interrupt	C. intercept	D. interfere
10. A. that	B. those	C. their	D. these
BÀI 10
People’s personalities (1) _____ considerably from one another as there are no two alike. 
Our ingrained characteristics which (2) _____ the patterns of our behavior, our reactions and temperaments are unparalleled on (3) _____ of the diversified processes that (4) _____ our personality 
in the earliest (5)_____ of human development. 
Some traits of character may, to some (6) _____, be hereditary stimulating the attributes 
that (7) _____ our parents. 
Others may stem from the conditions experienced during pregnancy and infancy in this way 
reflecting the parents’ approach towards (8) _____ their offspring. 
Consequently, the environmental factor (9) _____ a crucial role in strengthening or eliminating 
behavioral systems making an individual more prone to comfort to the patterns that (10) _____ a prize. 
1.  A. distinguish	B. coverage	C. differentiate	D. vary
2.  A. denote	B. resolve	C. inflict	D. determine
3.  A. account	B. means	C. token	D. event
4.  A. mould	B. design	C. conceive	D. fabricate
5.  A. states	B. instants	C. stages	D. terms
6.  A. scope	B. area	C. extent	D. length
7.  A. pertain	B. recognize	C. associate	D. identify
8.  A. breeding	B. rearing	C. growing	D. yielding
9.  A. makes	B. does	C. finds	D. plays
10.  A. yearn	B. deserve	C. wish	D. necessitate