Bài tập số 2 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 - Unit 3 (Có đáp án)

GRADE 11 – UNIT 3 – TEST 2
TIME CLAUSES
* We use time conjunctions such as AFTER, WHEN and BEFORE to connect two sentences and explain how they are related by time:
 - We got to the campsite. We put our tent up. 
 → We put our tent up when we got to the campsite.
* When the time clause is at the beginning of the sentence, we need a comma (,) between it and the main clause:
 - When we got to the campsite, we put the tent up. 
A. AFTER / WHEN / AS SOON AS / ONCE
 We use AFTER, WHEN, AS SOON AS and ONCE to introduce the first action to happen in a series of actions: 
 - After / When / As soon as / Once we got to the campsite, we put up the tent.
(action 1 = arrive, action 2 = put up the tent)
* We usually use the past simple with 'when':
 - When we arrived at the campsite 
* With AFTER, AS SOON AS and ONCE, we can also use the 'past perfect':
 - After / As soon as / Once we’d arrived 
B. BEFORE / UNTIL / BY THE TIME
 We use BEFORE, UNTIL and BY THE TIME to introduce the second action in a series of actions:
 - We bought some fruit before we sat down to eat.
(action 1 = buy fruit, action 2 = sit down)
* UNTIL shows that the first action stops just before the second action starts:
 - We waited until the rain stopped / had stopped.
 You do not normally use UNTIL at the beginning of a sentence.
 - By the time shows that the first action takes place at an unspecified time before the second action:
 - The sky had cleared by the time we’d got back to the campsite. (We don’t know exactly when the sky cleared.)
* We normally use the past simple with 'before'. We can use either the past simple or the past perfect with 'until' and 'by the time':
 - We waited until it stopped / had stopped raining.
 - By the time we got / had got there, it had stopped raining.
C. AFTER / BEFORE + -ing
 We can also form time phrases using 'after' or 'before' followed by verb + -ing:
 - After we ate  → After eating, 
 We only use the -ing form when the subject of the verb is the same for both phrases:
 - After we had eaten, we played cards. (The subject is the same.) 
 → After eating, we played cards.
 - After we had eaten, the barman invited us to a game of cards. 
 (The -ing form is not possible without changing the meaning.)
 * We use the time conjunctions WHEN, WHILE and AS to connect two sentences and show that the two actions happen at the same time:
 - I was walking down the street. I saw the strangest thing.
 → I saw the strangest thing happen when/while/as I was walking down the street.
* We need a comma (,) after the time clause when it is at the beginning of the sentence:
 - When/While/As I was walking down the street, I saw the strangest thing.
D. WHEN. We use 'when' (and not 'as' or 'while') to talk about a short action that happened at the same time as a longer action. We use the past simple for the short action: 
 - We were eating supper when it started to rain.
* WHILE. We usually use 'while' (although 'when' is also possible) to talk about two long actions that happened at the same time. Use the past continuous for both actions:
 - While he was putting the tent up, the others were unpacking the car.
* AS. We use 'as' to talk about two short actions that happened at the same time. Use the past simple for both actions:
 - As I opened the door, I heard a noise.
E. WHEN / WHILE + -ing. You can form time phrases with when/while + verb + -ing.
 We use 'when' for a short action, and use 'when' or 'while' for a long action:
 - When receiving the award, he smiled and shook her hand. (= at the moment when he received the award)
 - When/While answering questions from the press, he took time to think carefully about his answers. (= during the whole time)
* We often use clauses with 'when' + -ing':
 • to introduce a set of instructions:
 - When speaking in public, always remember to speak slowly and clearly.
 • to talk about habits:
 - When talking to the camera, he always looked at his feet.
* We use clauses with 'while' + -ing to talk about two long actions that are in progress at the same time. We use 'while' with either of the actions:
 - He looked around nervously for support while answering the questions.
 - He answered the questions while looking around nervously for support.
PRACTICE
I. Add the conjunctions in brackets to the sentences.
1. I got home, the first thing I did was have a quick shower. (when)
2. I checked my emails I started making some food. (before)
3. I’d seen that there were no messages for me, I started preparing supper. (once)
4. I waited the pasta had cooked, then I switched on the TV. (until)
5. I had finished watching the news, I started writing my blog. (as soon as)
II. Combine the two sentences using the time phrase in brackets.
1. We checked the train times carefully. We left for the concert. (before)
 →We checked the train times carefully before we left for the concert. / Before we left for the concert, we checked the train times carefully.
2. It was getting late. Our train arrived at the station. (by the time)
3. We got off the train. We ran to the bus stop. (as soon as)
4. We were on the bus. We texted the others to tell them we were on our way. (once)
5. We finally got there. We found out that the concert had been cancelled. (when)
III. Rewrite the clauses in bold using the -ing form where possible.
1. Before she left the house, she closed all the windows and switched off all the lights.
 → Before leaving the house, 
2. After they left, we cleaned the house and prepared for our next guests. 
 [-ing form not possible]
3.After we’d left our bags at the hostel, we decided to take a walk around the city centre.
4. Before he plays an important match, he always checks that he’s got his lucky socks.
5. After the storm had finished, the streets were covered in water and fallen trees.
6. Before she left home and moved into her own flat, she shared a bedroom with her sister.
IV. Complete these sentences so that they are true for you.
1. As soon as I got home yesterday, ..................................
2. When the alarm rang this morning, ...............................
3. I always.........................................before going to bed.
4. I usually..............................................after doing sport.
V. The use of 'while' is incorrect in four of the sentences. Replace the incorrect examples of 'while' with 'when'.
1. While I got up this morning, Elena and Hans were preparing breakfast. => WHEN
2. Hans was making the coffee, while Elena fried the eggs. [correct]
3. I was really surprised while I saw all the food.
4. We talked about our plans while we ate breakfast.
5. While Hans and I were clearing the table, Elena was checking the weather on the internet.
6. While checking the weather, she came across an interesting news story.
7. The roof of the town hall was damaged while it was struck by lightning last night.
8. While we heard this, we decided we had to go into town to see it.
VI. Cross out the incorrect conjunctions. In one sentence all three conjunctions are possible.
1. As / When / While I arrived home, I heard a strange noise.
2. As / When / While I was walking up the stairs, I heard it again.
3. As / When / While I put my hand out to open the door to the bedroom, it slowly opened by itself.
4. As / When / While I jumped back in horror, a dark shadow crept out of the room.
5. I was about to scream as / when / while I saw that it was only the cat!
6. The cat turned and looked at me as / when / while I quietly laughed to myself.
VII. Combine the two sentences using the conjunction in brackets and the verb + -ing.
1. You are giving a presentation to a room full of people. Always speak slowly and clearly. (when)
 → When giving a presentation to a room full of people, always speak slowly and clearly.
2. You are crossing the road. Remember to look both ways. (when)
3. You are waiting for the pasta to cook. You can prepare the sauce. (while)
4. He looked very uncomfortable. He answered the questions from the press. (when)
5. She looked distractedly through the window at the rain. She listened to my questions. (while)
6. You are driving the car. Don’t use your mobile phone. (while)
ANSWER KEY
I.
1. When I got home, 
2. I checked my emails before 
3. Once I’d seen 
4. I waited until the pasta had cooked 
5. As soon as I had finished watching the news, 
II.
1. We checked the train times carefully before we left for the concert. 
 / Before we left for the concert, we checked the train times carefully.
2. By the time our train arrived at the station, it was getting late. 
 / It was getting late by the time our train arrived at the station.
3. As soon as we got off the train, we ran to the bus stop. 
 / We ran to the bus stop as soon as we got off the train.
4. Once we were on the bus, we texted the others to tell them we were on our way. 
 / We texted the others to tell them we were on our way once we were on the bus.
5. When we finally got there, we found out that the concert had been cancelled. 
 / We found out that the concert had been cancelled when we finally got there.
III.
1. Before leaving the house, 
2. [-ing form not possible]
3. After leaving our bags at the hostel 
4. Before playing an important match, 
5. [-ing form not possible]
6. Before leaving home and moving into her own flat, 
IV. Students’ own answers
V.
1. ✗ When 2. ✓ 3. ✗ when 4. ✓ 5. ✓ 6. ✓ 7. ✗ when 8. ✗ When
VI. 
1. While 2. all possible 3. While 4. While 5. as/while 6. when
VII.
1. When giving a presentation to a room full of people, always speak slowly and clearly.
2. When crossing the road, remember to look both ways.
3. While waiting for the pasta to cook, you can prepare the sauce.
4. He looked very uncomfortable when answering the questions from the press. 
 / When answering the questions from the press, he looked very uncomfortable.
5. She looked distractedly through the window at the rain while listening to my questions. 
 / While listening to my questions, she looked distractedly through the window at the rain.
6. While driving the car, don’t use your mobile phone.
 / Don’t use your mobile phone while driving the car.