Bài tập Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 (Friends Global) - Unit 1: Generations
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UNIT 1: GENERATIONS PART I. VOCABULARY New words (Từ mới) Words Type Pronunciation Meaning infant (n) /ˈɪnfənt/ sơ sinh toddler (n) /ˈtɒdlə(r)/ vừa biết đi child (n) /tʃaɪld/ đứa trẻ teens (n) /tiːnz/ thiếu niờn twenties (n) / ˈtwentiz/ đụi mươi adult (n) /ˈổdʌlt/ người lớn middle – aged (adj) /ˌmɪdl ˈeɪdʒd/ tuổi trung niờn elderly (adj) /ˈeldəli/ người già centenarian (n) /ˌsentɪˈneəriən/ người sống trăm tuổi born (v) /bɔːn/ sinh ra emigrate (v) /ˈemɪɡreɪt/ di cư divorced (adj) /dɪˈvɔːst/ ly hụn engaged (adj) /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ đớnh hụn married (adj) /ˈmổrid/ kết hụn inherit (v) /ɪnˈherɪt/ thừa kế retire (v) /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ về hưu aggressive (adj) /əˈɡresɪv/ hung hăng arrogant (adj) /ˈổrəɡənt/ kiờu ngạo miserable (adj) /ˈmɪzrəbl/ khốn khổ nostalgic (adj) /nɒˈstổldʒɪk/ hoài niệm, luyến tiếc quỏ khứ pessimistic (adj) /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ bi quan sarcastic (adj) /sɑːˈkổstɪk/ mỉa mai urgent (adj) /ˈɜːdʒənt/ khẩn cấp bitter (adj) /ˈbɪtə(r)/ gay gắt calm (adj) /kɑːm/ bỡnh tĩnh complimentary (adj) /ˌkɒmplɪˈmentri/ ca ngợi, khen tặng, biếu enthusiastic (adj) /ɪnˌθjuːziˈổstɪk/ nhiệt tỡnh optimistic (adj) /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ lạc quan sympathetic (adj) /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ thụng cảm, đồng cảm grateful (adj) /ˈɡreɪtfl/ biết ơn admire (v) /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ ngưỡng mộ tolerate (v) /ˈtɒləreɪt/ chịu đựng Phrasal verb/ Collocations/ Phrases Cụm từ/ Cụm động từ Nghĩa live up to xứng đỏng fit in with phự hợp với get on with cú mối quan hệ với catch up with bắt gặp go through with vượt qua put up with chịu đựng run out of hết/ cạn kiệt look up tra cứu look up to ngưỡng mộ, kớnh trọng get away đi nghỉ dưỡng get away with bỏ trốn make up dựng chuyện make up for bự đắp cho go back quay lại go back on thất hứa be brought up (by) được nuụi lớn bởi become a grandparent trở thành ụng bà buy a house or flat mua một căn nhà hoặc căn hộ get your first job cú cụng việc đầu tiờn go to university đi học đại học learn to drive học cỏch chạy ụ tụ have a change of career cú sự thay đổi nghề nghiệp leave school tốt nghiệp leave home rời khỏi nhà split up chia tay settle down ổn định, lập nghiệp pass away qua đời start a business khởi nghiệp start school bắt đầu đi học fall in love phải lũng ai đú grow up lớn lờn move (house) chuyển nhà start a family lập gia đỡnh PART II. GRAMMAR 1. Past tense contrast (Past simple, Past continuous and Past perfect) PAST SIMPLE (QKĐ) PAST CONTINUOUS (QKTD) Cụng thức (+) S + V2/ed (-) S + didn’t + Vn.m (?) Did + S + Vn.m Cụng thức (+) S + was/ were + V-ing (-) S + was/ were + not + V-ing (?) Was/ Were + S + V-ing? Cỏch dựng - Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt hoàn toàn trong quỏ khứ. My mother left this city 2 years ago. - Diễn đạt cỏc hành động xảy ra liờn tiếp trong quỏ khứ She came home, switched on the computer and checked her e-mails. Cỏch dựng - Hành động diễn ra tại thời điểm xỏc định trong quỏ khứ I was watching TV at 9 o'clock last night. Dấu hiệu last night/ year/ month, yesterday, ago (2 years ago), in + năm trong QK (in 1999) Dấu hiệu - at this time last night, at this moment last year, at 8 p.m last night, while,... Past simple and past continuous with “When” and “While” Dựng “while” hoặc “when” để chỉ mối liờn hệ giữa 2 hành động xảy ra trong quỏ khứ. - Hành động đang xảy ra thỡ cú hành động khỏc xen vào S1 + QKTD + when + S2 + QKé E.g: I was watching TV when she came home. When + S1 + QKé, S2 + QKTD E.g: When she came home, I was watching television. - Những hành động xảy ra song song S1 + QKTD + while + S2 + QKTD E.g: She was doing her homework while I was preparing dinner. While + S1 + QKTD, S2 + QKTD E.g: While they were running, we were walking. - Thúi quen xấu với trạng từ “always” E.g: He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone. PAST PERFECT (QKHT) Cụng thức (+) S + had + V3/ed (-) S + had not + V3/ed (?) Had + S + V3/ed? Kết hợp thỡ + Before + S + VQKĐ, S + VQKHT + By the time + S + VQKĐ, S + VQKHT + After + S + VQKHT, S + VQKĐ. Cỏch dựng - Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành đụng khỏc trong quỏ khứ (hành động xảy ra trước dựng quỏ khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau dựng quỏ khứ đơn) After he had finished work, he went home. - Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm trong quỏ khứ. I had gone to bed before 10 o'clock last night Dấu hiệu before, after, already, just, when, as soon as, by the time, until, by the end of + time, by + time, 2. Used to (Contrast with be/ get used to) Cỏch dựng - “used to” được dựng để miờu tả nhũng thúi quen, hành động hoặc trạng thỏi đó xảy ra thường xuyờn trong quỏ khứ và đó kết thỳc, khụng cũn ở hiện tại. - “(be) used to + V-ing” quen với - “get used to + V-ing” được dựng để diễn tả ai đú đang dần quen một vấn đề hoặc sự việc nào đú. Cấu trỳc (+) S + used to + V... (-) S + didn’t use to + V... (?) Did + S + use to + V...? Vớ dụ - I used to listen to the radio. - They used to go swimming together. - He didn’t use to play marbles. - Did you use to ride a buffalo? *** Chỳ ý - Cả hai cấu trỳc “(be) used to” và “get used to” đều theo sau bởi danh từ hoặc danh động từ (động từ đuụi -ing) - “(be) used to” và “get used to” cú thể dựng ở tất cả cỏc thỡ, chia động từ phự hợp cho từng thỡ. 3. should and ought to for advise OUGHT TO = SHOULD (nờn) + Lời khuyờn, lời đề nghị, nờn dựng kốm với: “I think/ I don't think/ do you think..." I think he should do something to solve this. You ought not to stay up so late. + Hỏi xin lời khuyờn, ý kiến, sự hướng dẫn. What should we do now? + Sự mong đợi. He should/ ought to be home by 7 o'clock. [I expect him to be home by 7 o'clock.] + Diễn tả 1 sự gần đỳng /rất cú thể đỳng If she left home at 9:00, she should be here any minute now. A. PHONETIC Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 1. A. infant B. adult C. flat D. married 2. A. mended B. tasted C. picked D. needed 3. A. toddler B. divorced C. nostalgic D. optimistic 4. A. waved B. tried C. warmed D. packed 5. A. business B. aggressive C. miserable D. nostalgic 6. A. contained B. relaxed C. managed D. believed 7. A. grateful B. tolerate C. decorate D. private 8. A. invented B. referred C. deployed D. handled 9. A. communication B. opinion C. company D. occasion 10. A. behaved B. happened C. disliked D. attained Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 1. A. twenties B. infant C. adult D. toddler 2. A. emigrate B. aggressive C. arrogant D. miserable 3. A. admire B. retire C. divide D. happen 4. A. communicate B. optimistic C. sympathetic D. pessimistic 5. A. grateful B. urgent C. bitter D. alone B. VOCABULARIES AND GRAMMARS infant adult married child twenties teens born centenarians Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with the words given. 1. Many _________________ have lived long and eventful lives. 2. You can't spoil a _________________ by giving it all the affection it wants. 3. When did she get _________________ ? 4. The early _________________ are often a difficult age. 5. The family were forced to flee with their _________________ son. 6. Beyond the age of 40, the difference between men and women is clear; however, the picture is ambiguous for those in their _________________ and thirties. 7. Children quickly get bored by _________________ conversation. 8. She was _________________ on 7 February 1874. Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. Children cannot be admitted to the museum unless they are accompanied by a(n) _______. A. toddler B. teens C. adult D. middle-aged 2. A(n) _______ is a very young child who is just learning to walk. A. toddler B. child C. centenarian D. adult 3. A(n) _______ is someone who is a hundred years old or older. A. infants B. centenarian C. teens D. toddler 4. In spite of all her problems, she manages to remain _______. A. miserable B. sarcastic C. optimistic D. arrogant 5. You shouldn’t _______ people who haven’t gone to university. A. look up B. fit in C. make up D. look down on 6. Paul _______ not doing his homework. The teacher didn’t notice. A. got away with B. ran out of C. looked up D. went back 7. For a(n) _______ of five, this is a terrifying experience. A. elderly B. child C. teens D. centenarian 8. His sisters are grown up and his parents are _______. A. toddler B. teens C. adult D. middle-aged 9. The programmes have been highly successful at reducing poverty rates among the _______. A. infants B. adult C. child D. elderly 10. She was in her _______ when she met him. A. teens B. toddler C. middle-aged D. adult 11. Newborn _______ only a few hours old can distinguish between different voices. A. toddler B. child C. infants D. centenarian 12. One third of all children are _______ into single-parent families in America. A. born B. divorced C. emigrate D. engaged 13. He was _______ by his grandparents. A. grow up B. start school C. brought up D. pass away 14. The couple _______ in 2000 and are back here on holiday to see friends and relatives. A. learned B. became C. emigrated D. divorced 15. She falls in _______ with him because of his kind nature. A. retire B. love C. grow D. move 16. They got _______ only three years after they got married. A. pass away B. married C. divorced D. emigrate 17. He _______ a fortune from his grandmother. A. divorced B. inherited C. emigrated D. started 18. She wanted to start her own fashion _______. A. family B. business C. career D. school 19. He had sat up with his granddad all night and was with him when he _______. A. pass away B. get married C. brought up D. start a family 20. His friends were very _______ when he lost his job. A. bitter B. pessimistic C. sympathetic D. sarcastic 21. Two pairs of _______ eyes focused on her. A. urgent B. arrogant C. accusing D. sympathetic 22. The reviews of his latest film have been highly _______. A. complimentary B. enthusiastic C. sympathetic D. miserable 23. Seeing those old school photographs has made me feel quite _______. A. nostalgic B. sarcastic C. aggressive D. pessimistic 24. He was forced to _______ early because of poor health. A. learned B. love C. emigrate D. retire 25. They’d like to see their daughter _______, get married, and have children. A. settle down B. pass away C. fall in love D. leave school 26. He was in _______ need of medical attention. A. urgent B. miserable C. sarcastic D. bitter 27. I am extremely _______ for the assistant the team have provided. A. enthusiastic B. sympathetic C. grateful D. complimentary 28. I wanted to go, but Helen seemed less _______. A. optimistic B. pessimistic C. enthusiastic D. arrogant 29. My close friend, Phong, _______ a fantastic idea for the school trip. A. came up with B. get away with C. look up to D. fit in with 30. How do you _______ him? He’s so bad-tempered. A. put up with B. live up to C. go back D. get away 31. I _______ people who have achieved a lot in life. A. go back on B. get away with C. look up to D. fit in with 32. Jane has _______ Jack again, so they aren’t talking to each other. A. go back B. fallen out with C. look up D. get way 33. Nam doesn’t _______ his brothers, so he doesn’t keep in touch with them. A. get on with B. looks up to C. goes back on D. makes up for 34. When I said ‘no’, she became rude and _______. A. miserable B. nostalgic C. sarcastic D. aggressive 35. If he failed, it would be a(n) _______ disappointment to his parents. A. bitter B. urgent C. arrogant D. nostalgic 36. _______ that dress in the sales? A. Was you buying B. Did you buy C. Were you buying D. Had you bought 37. The house was quiet because everyone _______ out. A. went B. were going C. was going D. had gone 38. I _______ at 7 o’clock today. A. was getting up B. got up C. had got up D. get up 39. I saw you yesterday in the post office. What _______ there? A. had you done B. did you do C. do you do D. were you doing 40. What _______ you _______ two days ago? A. do – do B. did – did C. do – did D. did – do 41. Where _______ your family _______ on the summer holiday last year? A. do – go B. does – go C. did – go D. did – went 42. I couldn’t open the door because I _______ my keys. A. forgot B. were forgotten C. had forgotten D. was forgetting 43. She _______ to the doctor because she forgot her appointment. A. didn’t go B. wasn’t going C. weren’t go D. hadn’t gone 44. They _______ the bus yesterday. A. don’t catch B. weren’t catch C. didn’t catch D. not catch 45. My sister _______ home late last night. A. comes B. come C. came D. was come 46. My father _______ tired when I _______ home. A. was – got B. is – get C. was – getted D. were – got 47. A dog ran onto the ground while they _______ football. A. played B. were playing C. had played D. playing 48. It was really hot, and the sun _______. A. had shone B. was shining C. shone D. were shone 49. When Tien ______ some photos of the wildlife reserve, it started to rain heavily. A. has taken B. was taking C. would take D. is taking 50. Only after the manager ______ the procedure did new employees understand it. A. had explained B. explains C. was explaining D. will explain 51. He was talking to his mother about his first day at school when his phone ______. A. rings B. was ringing C. rang D. has rung 52. While Phong ______ a presentation, his laptop suddenly crashed. A. has given B. was giving C. is giving D. gives 53. She had worked for 10 different enterprises before she ______ her own company. A. established B. is establishing C. had established D. was establishing 54. I ______ an online class in Advanced Maths when the Wi-Fi got disconnected. A. attends B. have attended C. was attending D. had attended 55. While he ______ some plants in the garden, his wife was preparing dinner. A. waters B. is watering C. would water D. was watering 56. After he ______ in the environmental campaign, he stopped using plastic bags. A. participates B. has participated C. had participated D. will participate 57. Hung used to go swimming during summer months when he ______ young. A. is B. has been C. had been D. was 58. The students ______ the floor when the headmistress came in. A. were mopping B. mop C. have mopped D. are mopping 59. Only after Nam ______ out of the exam room did he realise that he had forgotten to bring his calculator. A. gets B. had got C. has got D. was getting 60. Not until Trang ______ the labour market was she aware of the importance of being patient. A. enters B. has entered C. had entered D. is entering 61. Phillips accidentally ______ his mother’s favourite coffee cup yesterday morning. A. had broken B. has broken C. breaks D. broke 62. She fully ______ the question after she had read the explanation. A. understands B. understood C. has understood D. will understand 63. They ______ the washing machine when I returned home. A. were repairing B. repair C. would repair D. have repaired 64. The students ______ attentively to the lecturer when a phone rang. A. listen B. are listening C. have listened D. were listening 65. I learnt some interesting idiomatic expressions after I ______ this show. A. had watched B. watch C. have watched D. will watch 66. I was cycling along the river bank when I ______ one of my old friends. A. had met B. met C. have met D. would meet 67. It suddenly rained when our children ______ the kites. A. have flown B. are flying C. fly D. were flying 68. I had read a lot about Hue before I ______ it last year. A. visit B. have visited C. visited D. will visit 69. Nam took a gap year after he ______ his tertiary education. A. finished B. had finished C. would finish D. has finished 70. While I was tidying up my room, my father ______ chess with his friends. A. has played B. will play C. was playing D. is playing 71. My uncle ______ a visit to Germany in 2005. A. paid B. has paid C. pays D. is paying 72. They ______ football when the lights in the stadium ______ out. A. was playing / go B. were playing / were going C. was playing / went D. were playing / went 73. You are telling a lie. You ______ at that time last Sunday A. wasn’t shopping B. weren’t shopping C. didn’t shop D. aren’t shopping 74. When we came to the stadium, the match ______. A. already had begun B. have already begun C. had already begun D. already have begun 75. After Kate ______ two aspirins, she felt a lot better. A. have taken B. had taken C. takes D. was taking 76. I used to __________ in Germany when I was 7. A. to live B. live C. living D. lived 77. She’s used to ____________ late at night. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 78. Mr. Bean has lived in Vietnam for 4 years. He _____________ the hot climate here. A. are used to B. gets used to C. used to D. A and B are correct 79. Mai is used to ___________ her house by herself. A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. to clean 80. Lam didn’t ____________ do morning exercise, so now he is getting fat. A. be used to B. used to C. use to D. get used to 81. Hung is used to ___________ many hours in front of the computer. A. to spend B. spend C. spent D. spending 82. My father used to _________ much coffee. Now, he doesn’t. A. drink B. to drink C. drank D. drinking 83. Tung isn’t used to __________ in those bad conditions. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 84. Has she __________ driving on the right left? A. use to B. used to C. been used to D.got used to 85. My mother should be pretty used to _______ without electricity by now. A. live B. living C. lived D. to live Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. The scheme offers an ideal opportunity for the young to get training. A. bad B. tedious C. perfect D. boring 2. The emotion was so intense that she spent most of the film in tears. A. feeling B. soul C. characteristic D. personality 3. He was forced to retire early because of poor health. A. continue to work B. stop working C. go on holiday D. take a day off 4. He was brought up by his grandparents. A. grown up B. come up C. taken up D. raised up 5. He inherited a fortune from his grandmother. A. came into B. turn into C. came across D. made off 6. I wanted to go, but Helen seemed less enthusiastic. A. excited B. annoyed C. irritated D. interested 7. Unless you keep your parents informed, they are likely to be more and more distrustful. A. doubtful B. trustworthy C. strict D. lenient 8. An exchange course during secondary years will surely transform your child into a mature teenagers. A. affect B. change C. develop D. train 9. I really admire Hellen Keller for all her efforts and determination. A. doubt B. tolerate C. respect D. trust 10. Teenagers see the world differently and develop their own views. A. arguments B. pictures C. sights D. opinions Exercise 4: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. The increase of the epidemic in the area is very concerning. A. worrying B. irritating C. relieving D. trusting 2. When you are pessimistic and expect the worst, your attitude is often negative. A. optimistic B. enthusiastic C. fantastic D. realistic 3. His wife had just passed away, and he didn’t want to be around people. A. died B. still living C. been ill D. divorced 4. Firefighters lead the children to safety. A. security B. tranquility C. anxiety D. danger 5. You shouldn’t look down on people who haven’t gone to university. A. make up with B. look up to C. put up with D. fall out with 6. He made some notes for his private use. A. personal B. individual C. public D. collective 7. John has been sticking to school rules and he is never fined or punished by the teacher. A. adjusting B. obeying C. breaking D. discussing 8. My teacher is critical of my carelessness and she has even punished me hard for it. A. severe B. complimentary C. dissatisfied D. cautious 9. I was surprised at the profound changes my hometown had undergone over the two decades. A. negligible B. considerable C. noticeable D. unavoidable 10. Most teachers easily get irritated by such troublesome behaviours. A. confused B. embarrassed C. excited D. pleased Exercise 5: Choose the correct words. 1. Joan changed from a quiet boy into a friendly and cheerful elderly/ adolescent/ toddler. 2. During adolescence/ adulthood/ middle-age, boys are sometimes very shy and lacking in self-confidence. 3. We need to reduce our enthusiasm/ sympathy/dependence on foreign machinery. 4. Jane's mother was dependent/ optimistic/ sarcastic on her for physical care. 5. The wheelchair gives him the freedom/ emigration/ emotion to go out on his own. 6. We had a(n) dependent/ free/ irritated and open discussion about the matter. 7. He became very private/ ideal/ emotional when we had to leave. 8. The dependence/ emotion/ safety was so intense that she spent most of the film in tears. 9. He made some notes for his private/ free/ critical use. 10. With seven people squashed in one small house, they don't get much dependence/ privacy/ emotion. 11. At heart he remained a(n) adolescent/ dependant/ idealist about social issues. 12. The scheme offers a(n) private/ ideal/ irritating opportunity for the young to get training. Exercise 6: Give the correct form of word. 1. Gardening is his latest _________________. (enthusiast) 2. He is an _________________ for all kinds of pop music. (enthusiasm) 3. She greeted him _________________ with a kiss. (enthuse) 4. They all _________________ over the new baby. (enthusiastically) 5.Howard is an _________________ teacher who is always looking for new ways to excite his students. (enthuse) 6. Many doctors insist that a _________________ part of losing weight is exercising on a regular basis. (criticize) 7. The newspaper _________________ expressed how much he enjoyed the play but also wrote an article downing the actors. (critically) 8. Nichol was too _________________ to believe me when I promised him that I would pay him back in a week or two. (trust) 9. Families are about love and trust; law is the guarantor of _________________. (distrustful) 10. After watching the mother’s _________________ on television, the viewer began to sob and cry. (emote) 11. The whiny toddler was very _________________ and cried most of the afternoon. (emotion) 12. The _________________ pool can only be used by members and isn’t open to the public. (privatize) 13. Valuing his _________________, Quan didn’t share anything about his personal life while at work. (privately) 14. _________________, senior officials agreed that not many people had voted. (privacy) 15.The toddler seemed overly _________________ on her mother, crying every time she left her even for a second. (depend) 16. A young baby has great _________________ on its parents, as it is too young to care for itself and will die without care. (dependent) 17. The _________________ took place at St Bartholomew’s Church. (married) 18. When she first came to London, she was newly _________________ and out of work. (marry) 19. It is an _________________ book, the first to tell the whole truth about the war. (admire) 20. She had a deep _________________ for the work of Russian writers. (admirable) 21. Tim’s understanding and _________________ nature helped him to be compassionate when his friends needed a listening ear. (sympathy) 22. I can _________________ with those who have lost loved ones. (sympathetic) 23. Sometimes people think that I’m not _________________, but the truth is I’m just quiet, and don’t always feel like talking to others. (friend) 24. The villagers were really quite _________________ towards us. (friendly) 25. Our _________________ developed quickly over the weeks that followed. (friend) Exercise 7: Complete the sentences using the past simple or the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Sally _________________ dinner last night when someone _________________ on the door. (eat)/ (knock) While I _________________ last night, Fred _________________ to visit me. (study)/ (drop by) My roommate’s parents _________________ him last night while we _________________ TV. (call)/ (watch) While they _________________ to China, Marco _________________ a diary. (travel)/ (keep) Mrs. White _________________ past a house in Main Street when she _________________ the ground floor on fire. (drive)/ (see) We ________________
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