Đề cương ôn tập học kỳ 2 môn Vật lí năm học: 2008 - 2009

PHÒNG GD&ĐT NÚI THÀNH	ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2
 TRƯỜNG THCS KIM ĐỒNG	Năm học: 2008-2009
1. Unit 9: 
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ vựng về chủ đề cấp cứu và các phương pháp cấp cứu (first-aid): emergency, ambulance, bleeding, crutches, stretcher, wheelchair, eye chart, patient, victim, patient, sterile dressing, fainting, shock, burns, injured person.
- try to stop the bleeding/ to put pressure on it/ to hold it tight/ to keep him (her) awake/ to give first-aid instructions/ to arrang for an ambulance/ to elevate the patient’s feet/ to minimize tissue damage/ to ease the pain with ice/ to cover the burned area with a thick sterile dressing/ Don’t overheat the victim with coat or blanket.
2. Unit 10:
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ nói về chủ điểm tái chế (recycling): 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle), plastic, metal, vegetable matter, fabric, leather, fertilizer, dung, compost, natural resources, paper packaging, mixture, mosquito(es), a wire mesh(mắt lưới thép)
- to be overpackaged, to protect the invironment, to make (vegetable matter) into compost, to soakwith, to smash the paper, to press it down firmly, to scatter, to takefrom, to putinto, to dip (dipped), to blow (the liquid) into (intended) shapes.
3. Unit 11:
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ liên quan đến cảnh quan, danh lam thắng cảnh, di tích lịch sử: Nha Rong harbor, Ha Long Bay, History/ Revolutionary Museum, Zoo and Botanical Garden, Oceanic Institue, resort, giant Buddha, tourist attraction, destination, Eternal Spring, tribal villages, jungle stream, slopes, magnificent cave, limestone island, low-priced guesthouses.
To fly à flight (n); to depart à departure (n); to arrive à arrival (n), to stumble against sth; to realize; to go off (đổ chuông); to put out : dập/ tắt (thuốc lá); I’d rather/ prefer you didn’t.
4. Unit 12:
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ liên quan đến các địa danh, dự báo thời tiết: San Francisco, Chicago, New York, Lake Michigan, Hawaii, Napa Valley, Alcatraz, Mount Rushmore.
Temperature: minus five degrees (Centigrade) (-50C); zero degree (O0C); three degrees (30C)
- To come over (for dinner), to pick someone up, to pour out; 
5. Unit 13:
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ liên quan đến lễ hội, cuộc thi: rice-cooking/ fire-making/ water-fetching/ bull-fighting/ fish-praying festival; English-speaking/ lantern-making/ flower-arranging contest; council leader, councilor (UV hội đồng GK), judge, pieces of bamboo, pomegranate (quả lựu), dried water melon seeds, marigold (cúc vạn thọ), apricot flowers (hoa mai), peach blossoms (hoa đào), a bunch of flowers (bó hoa), communal house yard.
- to yell (la hét), to make a fire, to separate (the rice) from (the husk), to try (nếm thử), to add (sugar) to (coffee), to award (the prize) to (the Thon Trieu team), to have (someone) design (a card), to describe /description (n), to perform/ performance (n), to jumble (lộn xộn), to pull.
6. Unit 14:
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ liên quan đến các kỳ quan của thế giới: wonders, pyramids, 
Stonehenge (a prehistoric ritual monument: tượng đài hành lễ thời tiền sử/ ở nước Anh), Sydney Opera House, Golden Gate Bridge (Cầu Cổng Vàng), Statue of Liberty, the Great Barrier Reef (the largest deposit coral in the world), Mount Everest (8, 848meters high), crystal-clear (water), canyon (hẽm núi), (2,000 mters) above sea level, magnificent (hung vĩ), breaktaking (adj.): hấp dẫn, ngoạn mục, summit, expedition, a clue, rulers = kings.
To construct (construction), to take a guided tour (thực hiện chuyến du lịch có hướng dẫn), to compile, to form (hình thành).
7. Unit 15:
ð Vocabulary: Học thuộc các từ liên quan đến computer: CPU (central processing unit), monitor, mouse, keyboard, screen, printer, icon, input tray, output path, computer jacks, bulletin board, impact, skeptical (hoài nghi).
- to have/ get access to a computer, to connect (connection), to plug, to be under guarantee, to adjust (the knob/ time), to post = to upload, to click (the mouse), to remove: tháo gỡ, gỡ bỏ (một chương trình trên máy tính), to flash.
PART II: GRAMMAR
1) Past simple: S + V-ed/ V2 diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt hẳn trong quá khứ, có thời gian chỉ rõ. (last week, last night, ago, yesterday, in 2001,)
Eg: She lived in Ha Noi for 3 years, and then she moved to Da Nang. (She no longer lives in Ha Noi any more.)
2) Past progressive: S + was/were + V-ing diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời 
điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ. (Chẳng hạn như: at 8 O’clock last night; at this time last year)
Examples: at 9 oclock last night
a) Hoa was doing her homework.
b) Her parents were watching TV.
C Past progressive with when and while:
Eg: a) The Le family was sleeping when the mailman came. (When + quá khứ đơn)
 S + have/ has + pp 
 b) The mailman came while the Le family was sleeping. (While + quá khứ tiếp diễn)	
3) Present perfect: 	 	(dùng với: since: chỉ mốc thời gian, for: 
khoảng thời gian, already: đã, yet: chưa, recently: gần đây, just: vừa mới, ever: từng bao giờ, never: chưa bao giờ)
Examples: 
a) We’ve learnt English since 2006.
b) I’ve lived here for 10 years.
c) He has just returned from the trip to Phong nha cave.
d) Have you done your homework yet?
e) She has already tidied her room.
f) Have you seen him recently?
g) Have you ever been to My Son? – No, I’ve never been there.
4) Future simple: S + shall/ will + infinitive 
Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai (in five minutes, in 2012, tomorrow, tonight)
Examples:
a) What time will Mai be here? – She will be here in 20 minutes.
b) I don’t think I’ll go out tonight. I’m too tired.
5) Progreesive tenses with always : diễn tả sự phàn nàn ( a complaint)
Examples: a) Na is always playing computer games.
	 b) Mrs. Nga is always losing her umbrella.
ð Passive form: (Dạng bị động) S + be + pp + (by + O)
Examples: 
1) Present simple: 	They collect plastic bottles for recycling. (active)
	 	Plastic bottles are collected for recycling. (passive)
2) Past simple: 	Bell invented the telephone in 1876. (active)
 	The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. (passive)
3) Future simple: 	They will build a new factory next year. (active)
	 	A new factory will be built next year. (passive)
4) Present perfect: 	The cat has broken the dishes in the kitchen. (active)
	 	The dishes have been broken by the cat in the kitchen. (passive)
ð Models WILL/ CAN/ COULD to make requests, offers and promises
C Requests: (Lời thỉnh cầu)
	¿ Can/ Could/ Will you + V (bare infinitive)? = Do/ Would you mind + V-ing?
Examples: Can/ Could/ Will/ Would you get me a bandage, please?
	 Do/ Would you mind getting me a bandage?
	¿ Can/ Could I + V (bare infinitve)? = Do you mind + V(inf.) ?
	= Would you mind + V2 ?
Examples: Can/ Could I ask you a question?
	 Do you mind if I ask you a question? / Would you mind if I asked you a question?
C Offers: (Lời ngõ ý)
Examples: Can/ Shall I get you a bandage?
C Promises: (Lời hứa): I promise I will/ won’t.
Examples: I promise I will help you. I promise I won’t play games much.
C Structures: be + adjective + to- infinitve (Unit 10, LF 3/ P. 96)
	Adjectives: easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, safe, important
Examples: a) It is difficult to follow your directions.
	 b) It is not easy to learn by heart those words.	
C Structures: be + adjective + that clause (Unit 10, LF 4 /P. 97
	Adjectives: delighted, happy, certain = sure, believed, afraid
Examples: a) I am delighted that you passed your English exam.
	 b) I am sure that she won’t come here today.
C in order to = so as to: để (chỉ mục đích); so sánh với so that + clause
Examples: 
a) He got up early in order to/ so as to get to the meeting on time. = He got up early so that he could get to the meeting on tome.
b) I always keep the door open so as to/ in order to let fresh air in.
C- ed and –ing participles: (see textbooks pages 108-109
-ed participle: With passive meaning. Example: The old lamp made in China is five dollars.
-ing participle: With active meaning. Example: The boy reading a book is Ba
C Compound adjectives: noun + V-ing rice-cooking, car-making, bull-fighting
Examples: a) It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire.
	 à It is a fire-making contest.
	 b) Viet Nam is a country which exports a lot of rice.
	 àViet Nam is a rice-exporting country. (see more on LF 3/ P. 130)
ð Reported statements,Yes/ questions and Wh-questions:
a) Reported statements:	 say(s)/ said
	 S + 	 + (that) + S + V (lùi về quá khứ 1 thì)
	tell(s)/ told sb
Eg: a) “I am a plumber.” - He said. à He said (that) he was a plumber.
 b) “I can fix the faucets.” – He said. à He said (that) he could fix the faucets.
Notes: will à would, can à could, must à had to, is à was, go àwent, 
	now à then, here à there, today à that day, tomorrow à the following day
b) Reported Yes/no question: 
	 asked (sb)	
S + 	 wondered + if / whether + S + V (lùi về quá khứ 1 thì, bỏ dấu ?)
	wanted to know 	
Eg: a) “Is Hoi An in Quang Nam?” – Nhi asked Nga.
	à Nhi asked Nga if/ whether Hoi An was in Quang Nam.
 b) “Do you want to visit Hoi An, Nga?” – Nhi asked.
	à Nhi asked Nga if/ whether Nga (she) wanted to visit Hoi An.
c) Reported Wh-questions: 
	 asked (sb)
	S + wondered + what/when /how/ + S + V (lùi về quá khứ 1 thì, bỏ dấu ?) 
 wanted to know 
Eg: a) “Where do you live?” à She asked me where I lived.
 b) “How often do you visit My Son?” àShe asked me how often I visited My Son.
C Question words before infinitive: 
Eg: 	I don’t know what I can do. à I don’t know what to do.
	She didn’t know how she could explain it. à She didn’t know how to explain it.
C Verb + to infinitve (decide, want, try, )
C Verb + bare infinitive (can/ may/ must/ shall/ will/ ought to (see textbooks, P.137)
PART III: READ
Đọc bài khóa hoặc bài đối thoại và làm bài tập: Trả lời câu hỏi, True or false, điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trồng (fill gaps), tìm từ trong đoạn văn có nghĩa..
1) Read a text about Cases and First- aid/ P. 83
2) Read a text about recycling facts (textbooks/ P. 92)
3) Read a brochure about the four tourist attractions in Viet Nam. (P. 102-103)
4) Read the postcards from Mrs. Quyen to her children. (P. 116-117)
5) Read 4 passages about the Christmas holiday. (P. 124-125)
6) Read the text about the ancient wonders of the world. (P.134)
7) Read the text about the new university (without a library) in the USA. (P. 141)
PART IV: WRITE
Dựa vào từ gợi ý (thêm vào, biến đổi) để viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh.
Sắp xếp từ xáo trộn trộn câu có nghĩa.
Xem tranh và từ gợi ý để viết một câu chuyện hoặc hướng dẫn sử dụng máy, chế biến
Viết câu hỏi cho từ gạch chân hoặc câu hỏi cho câu trả lời sẵn.
Viết lại câu thứ hai sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi so với câu trước đó.
1) Write a thank-you letter. (see workbooks pages 84-85)
2) Write a set of instructions (Use imperative mood) see textbooks/ P. 94
3) Write a story. (use the simple past)
4) Write a postcard to a friend about your trip.
5) Write a report on a festival you joined recently.
5) Write a letter to a friend about a place you’ve visited recently.
6) Write the instructions on how to use the printer.
PART V: EXERCISES
I. Choose the suitable words or phrases to fill in the blanks.
1. Cool the burns immediately so as to....................tissue damage. (ease/ relieve/ minimize/ maximize)
2. The lane is................ Nguyen Trai and Tran Hung Dao Street. (near/ between/ beside/ on)
3. She promises she................back in about half an hour. (is/ be/ has been	/ will be)
4. .............I do the washing-up? - No, thanks. I can do it myself. (Can/ Would/ won’t/ shall)
5. People use first-aid...................ease the victim’s pain and anxiety. 
 a. so that	b. in order to	c. so as not to	d. in order that
6. Leave the victim ..............flat and don’t let him ............ chilled.
a. lying/ to become	b. to lie/ to become	c. lying/become
7. Millions of Christmas cards....................every year. (were sent/ are sent/ send)
8. Water..............most of the Earth's surface. (cover/ covers/ is covered)
9. The gate.................at 6.30 pm every day. (lock/ locks/ is locked)
10. A contest in which participants fetch water from the river is called a................. contest.
 (water-fetch/ fetching- water / water- fetching)
11. John is very fond ................music. (on/ at/ of)
12. Wine is made ..................grapes. (in/ of/ from)
13. They are good friends. They ...................each other for a long time. (know/ knew/have known)
14. Do you mind..the door? (open/opening/ opened/ to open)
15. Can you tell me where...................? (does she/ she is / is she)
16. Sydney Opera House...................in 1973. (is completed/ completed/ was completed)
17.You often feel ...................when you have nothing to do. (bored/ boring/famous)
18. A piece of information that helps you find out the answer is a .............. (answer/news/ clue)
19. Stonehenge- a famous world landmark is in ....................(Australia/ England/ Egypt)
20. We were having dinner when she.us. (phones/ phoned/ was phoning)
II. Rewrite the sentences as directed. 
1. Lan said to Nga, "Is Mount Everest the highest peak in the world?" (Đổi sang câu gián tiếp)
 Lan asked Nga................................................................
2. Yesterday when Tuan (arrive).....................home, his mother (cook).......................dinner. (Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thì đúng)
3. They performed the first Christmas songs 800 years ago. (Đổi sang câu bị động)
 The first..........................................................................
4. It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire. (Viết lại câu dùng tính từ kép)
 It is a ..............................................................................
5. I didn’t know how I can play the game. (Viết lại câu dùng verb +infinitive)
 I .
6. Lan said, " Iam living in Ha Noi now. " (Đổi sang câu gián tiếp)
 Lan said
III. Change into the passive form. 
Ví dụ: People wash the plastic bottles with water. 
 → The used plastic bottles are washed with water.
1. People cut the bottles into small pieces.
 The bottles................................................................
2. People mix the small pieces with certain chemicals.
 The small pieces .......................................................
3. They will melt the small pieces glass under great heat.
 The small......................................................................................
4. They will blow the melted glass into bottles, vase, and other glassware.
 The melted glass ........................................................................................
5. In Britain, the milkmen collect empty milk bottles.
 In Britain, empty milk bottles..............................................
6. They clean and refill the empty bottles.
 The empty bottles................................................................
7. They will sell new glassware in shops, markets and supermarkets.
 New glassware...............................................................................
IV. Rewrite the sentences, using “adjective + to-infinitive structure”.
Ví dụ: I passed all the exams. I am happy.
 → I am happy to pass all the exams.
1. We are going to clean the environment. We are happy.
 We are happy to ...........................................................
2. Keeping people from littering is very difficult.
 It is ...............................................................................
3. Jane received a lot of birthday presents. She was happy.
 Jane was ........................................................................
4. I meet you. I am very happy.
 I am (very) happy.......................................................
5. Being able to live in a clean environment is lucky.
 It is lucky.......................................................................
V. Fill in each blank with ONE preposition.
1. Contact an organization....................Friends of the Earth....................information.
2. This car is made...................Vietnam.
3. Don’t throw things................ Try and find another use................them.
4. We are delighted that you are interested....................protecting the environment
5. Vegetable matter is made....................compost.
6. Those shoes are made......................old car tires.
VI. Complete the sentences. Put for or since/yet/ already into each gap.
1. He’s been in Australia.....................June.
2. They haven’t seen each other..........................a long time.
3. I’ve read this letter.............................6 minutes.
4. She’s lived in Ha Noi.....................1996.
5. I haven’t done my homework..
6. Has the flight to HCM departed.? – Yes, it has departed.
VII. Complete the sentences. Use the past simple or present perfect. 
1. It _____________raining an hour ago. (start)
2. Jill_____________ill for a week. (be)
3. We_____________Na since Friday. (not see)
4. When _____________you first______________your friend? (meet)
5. Peter_______________his bike for a year. (have)
6. We________________in HCM city since June (live)
7. How long_____________you___________(work) here? – For 10 years.
8. When _____________you____________(begin) to work here? – In 1998.
9. I__________________(have) this computer since I was in grade 7.
10. Lan____________(buy) that school bag last month. She_____________(use) it since then.
VIII. Read the situations and complete the sentences, using the words in brackets. 
Examples: I am tall, but you are taller. (asas) g I am not as tall as you.
1. I like to drink coffee, but he doesn’t. (different from)
 My taste is_____________________________________
2. Na plays badminton well, and Nam plays badminton well, too. (asas)
 Na plays______________________________________
3.Lien is 14 years old. Linh is 14 years old. (the same)
 Lien is____________________age as______________
4. Nga is tall, and her brother is tall, too. (asas)
 Nga is_________________________________________________
5. I arrived here at 7 a.m; they arrived here at 7 a.m, too. (the same)
 I arrived here________________time as__________________