Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 10

UNIT 1. A DAY IN THE LIFE OF...
(MỘT NGÀY TRONG ĐỜI CỦA...)
I. GLOSSARY (Bảng từ vựng)
1. announce (v) thông báo 
2. bank (n) bờ (sông, ruộng, v.v.)
3. buffalo (n) con trâu 
4. chat (v) trò chuyện; nói chuyện phiếm; tán gẫu
5. content (v) làm vừa lòng; làm vừa ý 
	→ contented (adj) (with sth.) hài lòng; mãn nguyện 
	Ex: She seemed quite contented with the idea. (Cô ấy có vẻ rất hài lòng với ý kiến đó.)
6. dip (v) nhúng; nhận chìm; hạ xuống
	Ex: The birds rose and dipped in flight. (Đàn chim bay lên rồi lại nhào xuống.)
7. fasten (n) thắt; buộc
	Ex: Please fasten your seat belts. (Vui lòng thắt dây an toàn.)
8. fellow (adj) bạn (dùng để nói về những người giống mình hoặc có cùng địa vị)
9. frightening (adj) làm hoảng sợ; làm kinh hoàng 
	Ex: It was an extremely frightening experience. (Đó là một trải nghiệm hết sức kinh hoàng.)
10. give up (phrv) bỏ; từ bỏ
	Ex: It was a difficult time, but we never gave up hope. (Lúc đó rất khó khăn nhưng chúng tôi không hề mất hy vọng)
11. go off (phrv) (đồng hồ; chuông, v.v.) reo
12. harrow (v) bừa (ruộng) 
	→ harrow (n) cái bừa
13. overjoyed (adj) vui mừng khôn xiết
14. panic (n) sự hoảng loạn; sự hốt hoảng 
	→ in panic (IDM) hoảng loạn; hốt hoảng
	Ex: People are fleeing the area in panic. (Mọi người đang chạy hoảng loạn ra khỏi khu vực đó.)
15. peasant (n) nông dân (SYN farmer) 
16. plan (n) kế hoạch; dự định; dự kiến .
17. plot (n) mảnh đất; miếng đất
18. plough (v) cày 
	→ plough (n) cái cày
19. pump (v) bơm (nước, dầu, v.v.)
20. ready (adj) sẵn sàng
	→ get ready / get sb ready (IDM) chuẩn bị sẵn sàng để làm gì 
	Ex: She's upstairs getting ready to go out. (Cô ấy đang ở trên lầu, chuẩn bị để đi chơi.)
21. relieved (adj) cảm thấy thanh thản; cảm thấy nhẹ nhõm
22. seat belt (n) đai an toàn; dây an toàn
23. scream (v) hét lên; gào thét; kêu thất thanh (vì đau đớn, sợ hãi, v.v.)
24. shake (v) (p.t. shook; p.p. shaken) rung; lắc; giật
25. stare (v) nhìn chòng chọc; nhìn chằm chằm
	→ stare sth in the face (IDM) phải đối mặt với một điều gì
26. take off (phrv) (máy bay) cất cánh
27. transplant (v) cấy, trồng lại (lúa,..)
II. GRAMMAR (Ngữ pháp)
1. The present simple (thì hiện tại đơn) 
a. Form (cấu trúc)
Positive (khẳng định)
S + V(bare-inf.) + O
Negative (phủ định)
S + don't/ doesn’t + V(bare-inf.) + O
Question (nghi vấn)
Do/ does + S + V(bare-inf.) + O
b. Use (cách dùng)
Thì hiện tại đơn được dùng để diễn đạt:
- Hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong hiện tại
Ex: I often watch TV. (Tôi thường xem tivi.)
	We go to school every day. (Ngày nào chúng tôi cũng đi học)
- Chân lý hoặc sự thật hiển nhiên
Ex: Water freezes at 0°c. (Nước đông ố 0°c.)
	The sun rises in the east. (Mặt trời mọc ở hướng đông.)
- Nhận thức, cảm xúc, hoặc tình trạng được xem như cố định ở hiện tại
Ex: They live in Bristol. (Họ sống ở Bristol.)
	Anna works in the post office. (Anna làm ở bưu điện.)
	I think it’s a good program (Tôi cho rằng đó là một chương trình hay.)
2. Adverbs of frequency (trạng từ chỉ tần suất)
Trạng từ chỉ tần suất cho biết mức độ thường xuyên xảy ra của một sự việc. 
	100% 	always
	often, frequently 
	usually, generally 
	regularly, normally 
	sometimes, occasionally 
	seldom 
	rarely 
	0% 	never
- Trạng từ chỉ tần suất thường đứng giữa câu (sau be và các trợ động từ trước các động từ khác)
Ex: Sammy is usually late for school. (Sammy thường đi học muộn.) 
	I often go to the cinema. (Tôi thường đi xem phim.)
3. The past simple (thì quá khứ đơn) 
a. Form (cấu trúc)
Positive (khẳng định)
S + V(past -tense) + O
Negative (phủ định)
S + 'didn’t + V(bare-inf.) + O
Question (nghi vấn)
Did + "S + V(bare-inf.) + O
b. Use (cách dùng)
Thì quá khứ đơn thường được dùng để diễn đạt
- Hành động trong quá khứ khi đề cập đến hoặc nghĩ về thời điểm hành động đó xảy ra
Ex: Yesterday I went to the cinema. (Hôm qua tôi đi xem phim.)
- Hành động lặp đi lặp lại hoặc xảy ra thường xuyên trong quá khứ 
Ex: Did you cook dinner every Saturday? (Trước đây tối thứ Bảy nào bạn cũng nấu bữa tối à?)
- Hành động hoặc sự việc đã kéo dài một quãng thời gian trong quá khứ 
Ex: Bob lived in Rome for three years. Now he is living in Amsterdam. (Bob đã từng sống ba năm ở Rome. Hiện giờ anh ta đang sống ở Amsterdam.) 
+ Thì quá khứ đơn thường được dùng với một số trạng từ/ trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian như: ago; yesterday; the other day; last year/ month/ week ...
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BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM
TEST 1
Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
1.	a.	routine	b.	line	c.	combine	d.	dine
2.	a.	heat	b.	repeat	c.	heart	d.	eating
3.	a.	plough	b.	house	c.	compound	d.	touch
4.	a.	little	b.	lighten	c.	liable	d.	climb
5.	a.	worked	b.	pumped	c.	watched	d.	contented
Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence; or that best substitutes the underlined part.
6.	The fire alarm went off when smoke rose.
	a.	exploded	b. shouted	c. rang	d. burned
7.	After a short break for tea, they went on working.
	a.	began	b. continued	c. delayed	d. harrowed
8.	He often leaves ____________ home for ____________ work at 7 o’clock and arrived at ____________ office at exactly 7.30.
	a. a / the / an	b. the / the / no article 	
	c. no article / no article / the	d. the / no article / an
9.	During his break, Mr. Pike is used to drink tea with his fellow peasants.
	a. workers	b.	associates	c. mechanics	d.	farmers
10.	On his _________ at the airport, John felt a little disappointed when no one came and picked him up.
	a. arrival	b.	arrive	c. arriver	d.	arrived
11.	Whenever I returned my village, I enjoy walking along the paths where flowers are growing on the ____________ of each side.
	a. blank	b. banks	c. banking	d. blanket
12.	Water ____________ at one hundred degrees Celsius and freezes at zero degrees Celsius.
	a. cooks	b.	steams	c. boils	d.	grills
13.	Now they are visiting London. They will leave ____________ Paris the day after tomorrow.
	a. to	b.	on	c.	at	d.	for
14.	Could you please tell me the ____________ time when the meeting begins?
	a. exact	b.	exactly	c.	exactness	d.	exacting
15.	Throughout ____________ world, there have been experiments in growing food crops.
	a. a	b.	an	c.	the	d.	no article
16.	Tom is ____________ in astronomy. He finds astronomy very ____________ 	.
	a. interesting / interested	b. interest / interested
	c. interested / interesting	d. interests / interest
17.	Lightning rarely ____________ twice in the same place.
	a. strikes	b.	is striking	c.	will strike	d.	was striking
18. ____________ about early Chinese libraries.
	a. To know tittle 	b. That little knows 	c. Little knows 	d. Little is known
19.	Two tons of rice ____________ to the victims of the flood yesterday.
	a.	sent	b. were sent	c.	was sent	d. has been sent
20.	What do you call a person who works in a library? - He/ She ____________ a librarian.
	a.	calls	b. is called	c.	called	d. calling
21.	Peter ____________ for this company for more than twenty five years and he ____________ to stay here until he ____________ in three years.
	a.	is working / intends / will retire	b.	has been working / intends / retires
	c. had work / intended / retired	d.	works / will intend / has retired
22.	Peter does not feel satisfied with his new job. ____________ about it.
	a. He has always complained	b.	He always has complained
	c. Always he has complained	d.	He has complained always
23.	____________ to get the railroad station? - 45 minutes.
	a. How far do you take	b.	How long does it take you
	c. How often do you do	d.	How fast does it take you
24.	Bill put his money in a bank, ____________ ?
	a. isn’t he	b. doesn’t he	c. didn’t he	d. does he
25.	He ____________ very busy at the present. He ____________ free time to go out.
	a. is often / rarely has	b.	often was / had rarely
	c. has often been / has rarely	d.	often is / rarely has
26.	____________ farming is a hard work, I enjoy country life.
	a. Because	b. Since	c. However	d. Although
27.	There are several people who never want to assume responsibility ____________ .
	a. for what they have done	b.	for having done what
	c. they have done what for	d.	for what to do
28.	Peter was rather confused since he really did not know ____________ next.
	a. what to do	b. to do what	c. what doing	d. what do
29.	Now he ____________ more money than he ____________ last year.
	a. is earning / does 	b. earns / did	c. can earn/ was	d. is earning / did
30.	He ____________ his leg when he ____________ last year. Up to now, he ____________ any more.
	a. breaks / was skiing / is not skiing	b. broken / skied /has not skied
	c. broke / was skiing / has not skied	d. had broken / skied / does	not ski
Error Identification
31.	Irrigation in agriculture is the replacement or supplementation of rainfall with water from 
 A	 B
	another source in order to growing crops.
 C	 D
32.	Modern agriculture depends heavy on engineering and technology and on the biological and 
	physical sciences. A B C
 D
33.	Agriculture that relies only on direct rainfall are sometimes referred to as dryland farming.
 A B C D
34.	According to my professor, Africans need to do intensive farming to produce food enough to 
 	 feed the people. A B C 
 D
35.	Agriculture may often cause environmental problems because of it changes 
 A B
natural environments and produces harmful by-products.
 C D
Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and many other products by the cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals. The practice of agriculture is also known as “farming”. Scientists, inventors and others have devoted to improving farming methods and implements. More people in the world are involved in agriculture as their primary economic activity than in any other, yet it only accounts for four percent of the world’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product). Agriculture sometimes refers to subsistence agriculture, the production of enough food to meet just the needs of a farmer and his family. It may also refer to industrial agriculture, (often referred to as factory farming) long prevalent in developed nations, which consists of obtaining financial income from the cultivation of land to yield products, the commercial raising of animals, or both. Agriculture is also short for the study of the practice of agriculture—more formally known as agricultural science. Increasingly, in addition to food for humans and animal feeds, agriculture produces goods such as flowers, nursery plants, timber or lumber, fertilizers, animal hides, leather, industrial chemicals (such as starch, sugar, ethanol, alcohols, and plastics), fibers, fuel, and both legal and illegal drugs (biopharmaceuticals, tobacco, marijuana, opium, cocaine). Genetically engineered plants and animals produce specialty drugs.
-	subsistence: sinh kế	- feed: thức ăn cho gia súc
-	prevalent: phổ biến, thường thấy 	- implement: dụng cụ, phương tiện
36.	Agriculture ____________ .
	a.	does not involve the raising of domesticated animals 
	b.	does not produce feed
	c.	interests no scientists
	d.	consists of cultivating and raising
37. ____________ is the practice of agriculture.
	a.	Fishing	b. Raising	c. Farming	d. Improving
38.	Which is not referred in the text?
	a.	Subsistence agriculture	b. Industrial agriculture
	c. Agricultural science 	d. Chemical agriculture
39.	According to the writer, ____________ .
	a.	there are fewer people who are involved in agriculture than in any other
	b.	agriculture shares the most proportion of the world’s GDP
	c.	no one studies the practice of agriculture
	d.	industrial agriculture is prevalent in developed countries
40.	Agriculture does not produce ____________ 	.
	a.	fossil fuels 	b. timber	c. drugs	d. chemicals
Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.
What do you do if you are a woman with two young children? You have to spend a lot of time and energy taking (41) ____________ of them. What do you do if you are also divorced and have (42) ____________ money? You have to look after the children and earn (43) ____________ to feed and clothe them. What happens if you are also only twenty-four years old and have hopes and dreams for a (44) ____________ life in the future? You look after the children, go to work, and go to university, all at (45) ____________ same time. That has been Nancy Wesley’s life for two years now. 
Nancy gets up at 6.00 every morning, dresses four-year old Matthew and two-year-old Anna, and (46) ____________ their breakfast. At 8.00, she takes them to the kindergarten. Then she goes to university (47) ____________ she takes classes from 8.30 to 2.30 pm. At 3.00 she picks (48) ____________ the children and spends time with them at home. Two hours later, at 5.00, it is time to go to Wall-mart store where she works in the sports department, (49)____________ hunting equipment. She is (50)____________ about 10.00, and then she studies until midnight. She works all day at the weekend. She is always tired.
41.	a.	charge	b. position	c.	care	d.	look
42.	a.	no	b. not	c.	any	d.	no any
43.	a. money enough 	b. enough money 	c. too money 	d. many money
44.	a.	more good	b. best	c.	more best	d.	better
45.	a.	a	b. an	c.	the	d.	no article
46.	a.	prepares	b. carries out	c. does	d.	puts up
47.	a.	which	b. that	c.	in that	d.	where
48.	a.	on	b. up	c.	at	d.	over
49.	a.	to sell	b. sell	c.	selling	d.	sold
50.	a.	home	b. to home	c.	house	d.	at house
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TEST 2
Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
1.	a.	another	b.	tobacco	c.	buffalo	d.	occasion
2.	a.	water	b.	peasant	c.	farming	d.	alarm
3.	a.	timetable	b.	conclusion	c.	passenger	d.	bicycle
4.	a.	travel	b.	begin	c.	forget	d.	announce
5.	a.	serious	b.	frightening	c.	interesting	d.	contented
Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence; or that best substitutes the underlined part.
6.	Many vegetables and flowers are grown in greenhouses in late winter and early spring, then ____________ outside as the weather warms.
	a.	transplanted 	b. harrowed	c. ploughed	d. prepared
7.	The bomb went off in the crowded street, but fortunately no one was seriously hurt.
	a.	rang	b. exploded	c. burned	d. landed
8.	The meeting is ____________ 9 o’clock ____________ Monday.
	a. in / at	b.	on / in	c.	for / on	d.	at / on
9.	The Pikes live ____________ farming. They work hard ____________ the field everyday.
	a. on / in	b.	at / with	c.	in / on	d.	with / for
10.	Which ____________ does your company manufacture?
	a. produce	b.	product	c.	production	d.	productive
11.	Most British drink ____________ tea during their break time.
	a. a	b.	an	c.	the	d.	no article
12.	Peter often has ____________ breakfast at 8 o’clock. He usually eats ____________ enormous breakfast.
	a. a / the	b. the / no article 	c. no article / an 	d. the / the
13. It is raining. I hate rain. The weather is ____________ . It makes me ____________ .
	a. depress / depressing 	c. depressing / depressed
	c. depressed / depress	d. depresses / depressed
14.	Although I am very busy, I try to find time to come to see my grandparents in the countryside every weekend.
	a. take a break	b. take care of	c. pay a visit to	d. look after
15.	The ____________ authority appealed to the contribution of the community to help the victim of the fire with food, clothes, and money.
	a. local	b.	location	c. locally	d. locality
16.	He finished his work at five and got home at quarter past five.
	a. five	b.	fifteen	c. half -	d. forty-five
17.	It takes me about three hours ____________ the report.
	a. complete	b.	to complete.	c. completing	d. completed
18.	Mr. Jones often ____________ to work by car everyday but today he ____________ by bus.
	a. goes /goes	b. is going / will go	c. went / has gone	d. goes / is	going
19.	He ____________ twenty calves last week, now he ____________ them up to sell.
	a. had bought / fed	b. buys / feeds 	c. bought / is feeding	d. was buying / fed
20.	Before the plane takes off, the passengers ____________ to fasten their seat belt.
	a. tell	b.	are telling	c. told	d. are told
21.	I think the car accident ____________ I got last month has been the most frightening experience in my life.
	a. when	b.	where	c. that	d. for that
22.	Farmers collect their crops and prepare them ____________ .
	a. for market or for eating	b.	to market and to eat
	c. with market and eating	d.	so as to market and eating
23. ____________ his aunt and uncle who live on a farm.
	a. Seldom as Jack comes to see	b.	Jack comes to see seldom
	c. Seldom does Jack comes	to see	d.	Seldom does Jack come to see
24.	I sometimes want to know ____________ .
	a. how farming starts	b. how farming started 	c. farming starts	d. farming started
25.	The farmers in my village have got a crop failure ____________ pests and insects.
	a. because	b. due to	c. as	d. in spite of
26.	At the moment, we ____________ with the council for the sale of development land.
	a.	have negotiated 	b. negotiate	c. were negotiating 	d. are negotiating
27.	Although we have some difficulties, we manage to finish our work on time as ____________ .
	a.	are requiring 	b. requiring	c. required	d. being required
28.	Although the kinds of soil are different, farmers can manage to cultivate suitable crops to make it the most productive.
	a.	Different as the kinds of soil are 	b. In spite of different of the kinds of soil 
	c. Are the kinds of soil different 	d. Even the difference of the kinds of soil
29.	You used to live on the farm during your childhood, ____________ ?
	a.	weren’t you	b. didn’t you	c. don’t you	d. aren’t you
30.	I do not know ____________.
	a.	what does this word mean	b. what this word means
	c. this word means what	d. does this word mean what
Choose the best sentence that can be made from the cues given.
31.	last month / my family / spend / summer holiday / villa / sea / hurricane / come
	a.	Last month when my family was spending our summer holiday in a villa by the sea, and a hurricane comes.
b.	When last month, my family was spending our summer holiday in a villa by the sea, a hurricane came.
	c.	Last month when my family was spending our summer holiday in a villa by the sea, a hurricane came.
	d.	Last month when my family was spending our summer holiday in a villa by the sea, so a hurricane came
32.	sky / suddenly / big black clouds / it / rain / heavily
	a. The sky was suddenly covered with big black clouds and it began to rain heavily.
	b.	The sky is suddenly covered with big black clouds and it began to rain heavily.
	c.	Because the sky was suddenly covered with big black clouds so it began to rain heavily.
	d.	Although the sky was suddenly covered with big black clouds but it began to rain heavily.
33.	wind / blow / the sea / waves / high / swallow / sand
	a.	The wind was blowing from the sea and the waves were so high that they seemed to swallow the sand.
	b.	The wind was blowing from the sea and the waves were such high that they seemed to swallow the sand.
	c.	With the wind was blowing from the sea and the waves were so high that they seemed to swallow the sand.
	d.	Blowing from the sea the wind and the waves were so high that they seemed to swallow the sand.
34.	weather forecast / announce / hurricane / media / no people and ships / in the sea / that time
	a.	Because the .weather forecast had announced the hurricane through the media, therefore there were no people and ships in the sea at that time.
	b.	Because of the weather forecast had announced the hurricane through the media, there were no people and ships in the sea at. that time.
	c.	Because the weather forecast had announced the hurricane through the media, there were no people and ships in the sea at that time.
	d.	As the weather forecast had announced the hurricane through the media, there were no any people and ships in the sea at that time.
35.	first time / we / see / hurricane / nervous / frightened
	a.	It was the first time that we saw a hurricane so that we were very nervous and frightened.
	b.	The first time when we saw a hurricane and we were very nervous and frightened.
	c.	The first time when we saw a hurricane, that made we were very nervous and frightened.
	d.	It was the first time when we saw a hurricane so we were very nervous and frightened.
Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
Crop rotation is the practice of growing different types of crops in the same field in sequential seasons to avoid a decrease in soil fertility, as growing the same crop repeatedly in the same place eventually depletes the soil of various nutrients. Crop rotation helps to balance the fertility demands of various crops. By crop rotation farmers can keep their fields under .continuous production, without the need to let them lie fallow, and reducing the need for artificial fertilizers, both of which can be expensive. In subsistence farming, it also makes good nutritional sense to grow beans and grain at the same time in different fields. Crop rotation is also used to control pests and diseases that can become established in the soil over time. Plants within the same family tend to have similar pests and pathogens.. By regularly changing the planting location, the pest cycles can be broken or limited. This principle is of particular use in organic farming, where pest control may be achieved without synthetic pesticides. The choice and sequence of rotation crops depends on the nature of the soil, the climate, and precipitation which together determine the type of plants that may be cultivated. Other important aspects of farming such as crop marketing and economic vạriables must also bé considered when choosing a crop rotation. Crop rotation was already mentioned in the Roman literature, and referred to by great civilizations in Africa and Asia. From the end of the Middle Ages until the 20th century, the three-year rotation was practiced by farmers in Europe.
	-	crop rotation: luân canh	- recitation: lượng mưa
	-	pathogen: mầm bệnh	- fallow: bỏ hoang
36.	Farmers who practice crop rotation ____________ .
	a.	grow the same crop on their land all the time
	b.	grow different crops on their land in sequential seasons
	c.	make the soil decrease in fertility
	d.	use a lot of chemical fertilizers
37.	Crop rotation ____________ .
	a. cannot be used in subsistence farming	b. let land lie fallow
	c. can be used to control pests and diseases	d. is very expensive
38.	Plants within the same taxonomic family ____________ .
	a.	tend to have almost alike pests and pathogens
	b.	cannot grow on the same land
	c.	do not have pest and pathogens
	d.	have different pests and pathogens
39.	When practicing crop rotation, ____________ .	.
	a.	farmers needn’t choose the type of plants
	b.	farmers have to consider the nature of the soil, the climate, and precipitation
	c.	farmers cannot grow bean
	d.	farmers can grow only grain
40.	Crop rotation ____________ .
	a.	was practiced in Europe since the end of the Middle Ages
	b.	was not practiced in Rome
	c.	was not practiced by Asian farmers
	d.	was only practiced in Africa
Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.
It is lunchtime on the farm. Maijorie Sand rings the bell outside the door to call her husband, Ivan, and her grandson Harwood in from the cattle (41) ____________ . 
Ivan (42) ____________ his muddy boots and comes into the kitchen. He was bom on this farm sixty-eight years (43)____________ . His father worked on a two-hundred-acre farm with the help of six hired men and a team of horses. Ivan now works on a nine-hundred-acre farm with the help of his grandson and $138,000 worth of (44)____________ . The weather is hard in Kansas. (45) ____________ summer, it is very hot and by November, it is snowy. Behind the farm house there is a cave (46) ____________ the family can take shelter if there is a heavy storm. The land is good for farming. It can produce three or four crops (47)____________ year. And this year has been especially good. Ivan usually gets only two or three soya beans in each pod. This year many pods have four soya beans inside them. Ivan says, “Farmers have to sell their products for (48)____________ low prices and the cost of fuel and equipment is so high. Our profits are right down. But the fields are lying out there. We have to keep (49) ____________ something, and the more we grow, (50)____________ the price we get for it.
41.	a.	nest	b.	net	c. room	d. shed
42.	a.	takes off	b.	goes off	c. puts out	d. goes down
43.	a.	then	b.	before	c. ago	d. since then
44.	a.	mechanic	b.	mechanical 	c. mechanize	d. machinery
45.	a.	On	b.	In	c. At	d. For
46.	a.	in which	b.	in where	c. of that place	d. in which place
47.	a.	a	b.	an	c. the	d. no articl