Đề cương ôn thi môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 (Có đáp án)
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VDD5 NUMBER 20 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. Question 1. A. breathe B. healthy C. weather D. although Question 2. A. climb B. sit C. hide D. fine Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions. Question 3. A. believe B. happen C. decide D. attract Question 4. A. acceptance B. arrival C. inclusion D. musical Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Question 5. With lack of fresh water and poor sanitation, people _______ in this small area face a threat of developing infectious diseases. A. living B. lived C. whom live D. to live Question 6. The meal was a bit _______ than we expected, but it was very nice. A. most expensive B. expensive C. more expensive D. as expensive Question 7. She will send me the design of my new house _______. A. after she had finished it B. while she was finishing it C. as soon as she has finished it D. before she finished it Question 8. Tina considers herself lucky when her parents are quite sympathetic _______ her and offer her valuable advice. A. about B. to C. in D. with Question 9. The band isn’t visiting Denmark next May, _______? A. does it B. will it C. is it D. has it Question 10. I get quite depressed when thinking about _______ damage we are causing to the environment. A. a B. the C. an D. Ø (no article) Question 11. The report assigned the _______ for the accident to inadequate safety regulations. A. praise B. credit C. blame D. rap Question 12. As Joe's roommate, I find him a fairly nice fellow, even if at times it is not easy to _______ his noisy behavior. A. put up with B. look up to C. get on with D. catch up with Question 13. The enterprise’s management agreed _______ in renewable energy sources to reduce the company’s carbon footprint. A. investing B. invest C. to invest D. to investing Question 14. She dropped a _______ on their first date by telling him that she didn’t like pets. Unfortunately, he’s always been a real sucker for pets. A. stone B. tile C. brick D. block Question 15. We _______ along the coast after dinner when a strange man approached us. A. walked B. were walking C. had walked D. have walked Question 16. The government decided to _______ the restrictions on air travel as the pandemic was basically kept under control in the country. A. move B. drive C. raise D. lift Question 17. After the test papers are returned to the students in class tomorrow, the students _______ their next assignment. A. will be given B. are given C. are giving D. give Question 18. They had a _______ candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage. A. romance B. romantic C. romantically D. romanticize Question 19. The police are collecting _______ in order to piece together the details of the day she died. A. tips B. clues C. hints D. signs Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges. Question 20. Nam is talking to his classmate named Minh. - Nam: “I don’t understand what the teacher has just said.” - Minh: “_______” A. Me either B. Neither do I. C. Me too. D. So do I. Question 21. Tom and Jerry are talking about extreme sports. - Tom: “People should be encouraged to take part in dangerous sports” - Jerry: “_______. They are prone to both minor and severe injuries.” A. I completely disagree with you. B. For sure. C. Come on, that’s surely the case. D. I couldn’t agree with you more. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Question 22. If you work in a department with an overbearing leader, it is likely that your suggestions will be rejected. A. energetic B. dominant C. humble D. innovative Question 23. Julie’s slimming attempts have been going by fits and starts. She needs to do it consistently. A. slowly B. poorly C. steadily D. flexibly Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Question 24. Don’t be afraid to talk the problem over with him because he is a very approachable man. A. rude B. polite C. confident D. friendly Q 25. The company wouldn’t have seen such a quick turnover of staff had its manager not treated the employees with utter contempt. A. sympathy B. approval C. disrespect D. refusal Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 26: It is not necessary for you to wear formal clothes to the party this evening. A. You shouldn’t wear formal clothes to the party this evening. B. You would wear formal clothes to the party this evening. C. You must wear formal clothes to the party this evening. D. You needn’t wear formal clothes to the party this evening. Question 27: I last went to the cinema six months ago. A. I didn’t go to the cinema for six months. B. I haven’t gone to the cinema for six months. C. I have gone to the cinema for six months. D. I went to the cinema for six months. Question 28: "What time did the bus arrive, Tom?" asked John. A. John asked Tom what time the bus arrived. B. John asked Tom what time was the bus arriving. C. John asked Tom what time the bus had arrived. D. John asked Tom what time had the bus arrived. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. Question 29.My former friend, together with his wife, pays a visit to my family last Sunday. A. Sunday B. former C. pays D. with Question 30. The native teachers used the advanced English vocabulary in his presentation, so students don’t understand the lesson. A. lesson B. so C. his D. advanced Question 31: All complaints about the defective goods should be dealt with in a time manner. A. complaints B. good C. be dealt D. time manner Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. Question 32.Nam is not here. He can’t give you any advice. A. If only Nam had been here, he could have given you some advice. B. If Nam were here, he couldn’t give you some advice. C. Provided that Nam is here, he can’t give you any advice. D. If Nam were here, he could give you some advice. Question 33. John certainly can’t be held responsible for the accident. Whatever happened. A. Certainly can’t John be held responsible for the accident . B. In no way can John be held responsible for the accident. C. For any reason can John not be held responsible for the accident. D. On no account can John not be held responsible for the accident. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Students who stay up all night to cram for an exam are doing themselves more harm than good, according to research into the link between sleep and memory published yesterday. Scientists at Harvard Medical School discovered that people who deprive themselves of sleep so that they can study until the last minute are unlikely to remember anything that would improve their performance, while suffering the crippling effects of fatigue. The scientists found that the brain needs good-quality sleep immediately after practicing a task if it is to learn to improve at it. Those who substitute study for sleep, particularly those who miss deep or “slow-wave” sleep will get little benefit from their extra effort. The findings, published in Nature Neuroscience, add to a growing body of evidence that sleep is vital to the learning process. The results, Professor Stickgold said, suggest that a good night’s sleep immediately after learning is “absolutely required” to embed new skills in the memory. “We think that the first night’s sleep starts the process of memory consolidation,” he said. “It seems that memories normally wash out of the brain unless some process nails them down. My suspicion is that sleep is one of those things that nails them down.” (Adapted from Focus on IELTS by Sue O’Connell) Question 34. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Tips to Succeed on Exam Day B. Pressure among Students at School C. Sleep Better than Midnight Oil on Eve of Exams D. How to Have a Good Sleep at Night? Question 35. The word ‘they’ in paragraph 2 refers to ______. A. scientists B. people C. effects D. minutes Question 36. The word ‘fatigue’ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. happiness B. sadness C. tiredness D. boredom Question 37. According to paragraph 2, what did the Harvard Medical School discover? A. Exhaustion is the biggest reason why students fail their exams. B. People will have a better memory if they sleep only 3 hours a day. C. ‘Deep sleep’ is not essential for studying and memory recollection. D. Those who study instead of sleeping have little chance of passing their exams. Question 38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned, according to the passage? A. Sleep is the only thing that can help a learner process new information. B. It’s not a good idea for students to stay up late to study for their exams instead of sleeping. C. Sleep kickstarts a process of memory retention. D. A good night’s sleep is vital if a person wants to improve their memory. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each the numbered blanks. An endangered species is a type of organism (39)__ is threatened by extinction. Species become endangered for the main reason: loss of habitat.A loss of habitat can happen naturally. Dinosaurs, (40)___, lost their habitat about 65 million years ago. The hot, dry climate of the Cretaceous period changed very quickly, most likely because of an asteroid (41)___ the Earth. The impact of the asteroid forced debris into the atmosphere, reducing the amount of heat and light that reached Earth’s surface. The dinosaurs were unable to adapt to this new, cooler habitat. Dinosaurs became endangered, then extinct. Human activity can also contribute to a loss of habitat. Development for housing, industry, and agriculture reduces the habitat of native organisms. This can happen in (42)_____ different ways. Development can eliminate habitat and native species directly. In the Amazon rain forest of South America, developers have cleared hundreds of thousands of acres. To “clear” a piece of land is to remove all trees and (43)_____ from it. The Amazon rain forest is cleared for cattle ranches, logging, and urban use. Adapted from https://education.nationalgeographic.org Question 39: A.when B.where C. who D. that Question 40: A.like B.however C. for instance D. such as Question 41: A.making B.taking C. getting D. striking Question 42: A.each of B. amount of C. a number of D.a great deal of Question 43: A.variety B. vegetations C.vegetarian D. vegetation Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. A poll of more than 850 primary, secondary and further education staff by the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL) found that while boys' behaviour at school remains more challenging than girls, both have got worse over the past five years, according to more than half of respondents. In the survey, a primary school teacher from Bedfordshire said: "Boys are generally more physical and their behaviour is more noticeable. Girls are often sneakier about misbehaving, they often say nasty things which end up disrupting the lesson just as much as the boys, as other children get upset and can’t focus on their work. They are usually the ones who refuse to comply with instructions." In schools that have excluded pupils, 57 per cent of education staff said that more boys have been excluded for challenging behaviour. Among both sexes, low-level disruption such as talking and not paying attention was the most problematic behaviour for 70 per cent of respondents. For girls, most staff said bullying such as spreading rumours was the biggest problem. Among boys the most challenging behaviour was physical aggression. Staff thought the main reasons for challenging behaviour within their schools and colleges were family breakdowns, followed by a lack of positive role models and poor emotional health. ATL general secretary Dr Mary Bousted said: "The behaviour of both boys and girls can pose huge challenges for those working in schools and colleges. Staff get ground down daily by the chatting and messing around, which disrupts lessons for other pupils and takes the pleasure out of teaching. "Even more worrying is the physical aggression, most often among boys but also among some girls, which puts other pupils and staff at risk. Schools need to have firm and consistent discipline policies and work with parents to keep schools and colleges safe places for pupils and staff alike." (Adapted from https://www.cypnow.co.uk/) Question 44. Which best serves as the title for the passage? A. Education among Boys and Girls B. Worsening School Students’ Behaviour C. A Bias against Girls in Class D. Students Suffer from Bullying at School Question 45. According to paragraph 1, what was the finding of the ATL’s survey? A. Boy’s behaviour at school remains unchanged. B. Both boys and girls show improved behaviour. C. Girls are naturally talkative than boys. D. Students’ behaviour, irrespective of sex, has got worse. Question 46. The word ‘noticeable’ in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A. clear B. gentle C. bad D. effective Question 47. The word ‘they’ in paragraph 2 refers to ______. A. lessons B. boys C. girls D. teachers Question 48. The word ‘problematic’ in paragraph 3 mostly means ______. A. easy to notice B. difficult to deal with C. interesting to study D. happy to get Question 49. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? A. Boys’ misbehaviour is easier to recognise. B. Other students can’t concentrate on the lessons because of some students’ unpleasant behaviour. C. Only boys have been expelled from school due to their misbehaviour. D. Spreading rumours is one of the commonest bullying behaviours among girls. Question 50. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Education staff find that low-level disruption can be dealt with easily. B. There are many factors that lead to unacceptable behaviour among school students. C. School and university staff are most affected by challenging behaviour of boys and girls. D. Many discipline policies have been adopted to deal with the problem of bullying at school. PRACTICE 1. They say the exams ______ they have to take often make them worried, and they have no time to relax. A. where B. who C. when D. which 2. Teenagers ______ suffer from exam stress may show a variety of symptoms including loss of appetite, being unable to sleep and a lack of motivation to study. A. when B. where C. which D. who 3. Computers and smartphones, ______ are much cheaper than ever before, help people choose their favourite programmes quickly and more effectively. A. where B. which C. who D. when 4. Participants are given the chance to visit parts of the world ______ are untouched by human intervention. A. who B. that C. when D. why 5. They can also provide reassurance to people ______ are alone in dangerous situations. A. which B. when C. where D. who 6. They like studying and writing essays and they enjoy the class discussions ______ take place. A. whom B. which C. where D. when 7. There is a widespread perception that teenagers’ lives nowadays are dominated by technology. However, the information ______ was gathered in a recent study suggests that this view doesn't reflect the reality of their everyday existence. A. when B. which C. where D. who 8. What is more, "if interns do well, employers would often rather make them full employees than recruit people ______ they don't know”. A. who B. when C. which D. where 9. Teenagers need to learn to say "no" to social pressure and to find friends ______ they can talk things over with when they have a problem. A. why B. which C. who D. where 1. They say the exams ______ they have to take often make them worried, and they have no time to relax. A. where B. who C. when D. which 2. Teenagers ______ suffer from exam stress may show a variety of symptoms including loss of appetite, being unable to sleep and a lack of motivation to study. A. when B. where C. which D. who 3. Computers and smartphones, ______ are much cheaper than ever before, help people choose their favourite programmes quickly and more effectively. A. where B. which C. who D. when 4. Participants are given the chance to visit parts of the world ______ are untouched by human intervention. A. who B. that C. when D. why 5. They can also provide reassurance to people ______ are alone in dangerous situations. A. which B. when C. where D. who 6. They like studying and writing essays and they enjoy the class discussions ______ take place. A. whom B. which C. where D. when 7. There is a widespread perception that teenagers’ lives nowadays are dominated by technology. However, the information ______ was gathered in a recent study suggests that this view doesn't reflect the reality of their everyday existence. A. when B. which C. where D. who 8. What is more, "if interns do well, employers would often rather make them full employees than recruit people ______ they don't know”. A. who B. when C. which D. where 9. Teenagers need to learn to say "no" to social pressure and to find friends ______ they can talk things over with when they have a problem. A. why B. which C. who D. where 10. He's marrying a girl ______ family don’t seem to like him A. who B. whom C. whose D. which ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT Question 1. Đáp án: B Kiến thức: Phát âm phụ âm Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. breathe: /briːð/ B. healthy: /ˈhel.θi/ C. weather: /ˈweðər/ D. although: /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ Ta thấy, các phương án A, C, D “th” được phát âm là /ð/ cịn phương án B “th” được phát âm là /θ/. Vậy đáp án đúng là B Question 2. Đáp án: B Kiến thức: Phát âm nguyên âm Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. climb /claim/ B. sit /sit/ C. hide /haid/ D. fine /fain/ Ta thấy, các phương án A, C, D “i” được phát âm /ai/ cịn phương án B “i” được phát âm là /i/. Vậy đáp án đúng là B Question 3. Đáp án: B Kiến thức: Trọng âm của từ cĩ 2 âm tiêt Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. believe / bɪˈliːv/(v): Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai vì theo quy tắc động từ hai âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. B. happen / ˈhỉpən /(v): Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất vì theo quy tắc động từ hai âm tiết cĩ đuơi –EN thì trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất. C. decide / dɪˈsaɪd /(v): Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai vì theo quy tắc động từ hai âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. D. attract / əˈtrỉkt/(v): Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai vì theo quy tắc động từ hai âm tiết trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Đáp án B cĩ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất, các phương án cịn lại cĩ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Question 4. Đáp án: D Kiến thức: Trọng âm của từ cĩ 3 âm tiêt Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. acceptance / əkˈseptəns /(n): trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Vì theo quy tắc hậu tố khơng thay đổi trọng âm chính – từ này cĩ gốc là động từ nên trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. B. arrival / əˈraɪvəl /(n): trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Vì theo quy tắc hậu tố khơng thay đổi trọng âm chính – từ này cĩ gốc là động từ nên trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. C. inclusion / ɪnˈkluːʒən /(n): trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Vì theo quy tắc đuơi –ion làm trọng âm rơi vào trước âm đĩ. D. musical / ˈmjuːzikəl/(n): trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất. Vì theo quy tắc đuơi –ical làm trọng âm rơi vào trước âm đĩ. Phương án D cĩ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất, các phương án cịn lại cĩ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai. Vậy đáp án đúng là D Question 5. Đáp án: A Kiến thức: Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ Giải thích: Câu đầy đủ khi chưa rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ: With lack of fresh water and poor sanitation, people who live in this small area face a threat of developing infectious diseases. Động từ của mệnh đề quan hệ chia ở chủ động, để rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ trong câu này thì chúng ta dùng V-ing. Tạm dịch: Với tình trạng thiếu nước ngọt và điều kiện vệ sinh kém, những người sống trong khu vực nhỏ bé này phải đối mặt với nguy cơ mắc các bệnh truyền nhiễm. * Chú ý : - Khi động từ của mệnh đề quan hệ chia ở chủ động cĩ thể rút gọn bằng cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing). - Khi động từ của mệnh đề quan hệ chia ở bị động cĩ thể rút gọn bằng cụm quá khứ phân từ (V-p2). - Khi mệnh đề quan hệ đứng sau next, last, only, số thứ tự, so sánh hơn nhất cĩ thể rút gọn bằng cụm động từ nguyên thể cĩ TO (to V/ to be V-p2) Vậy đáp án đúng là A Question 6. Đáp án: C Kiến thức: So sánh Giải thích: Ta cĩ cơng thức so sánh hơn: + Tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn: adj-er/ adv-er + than + Tính từ/ trạng từ dài: more + adj/ adv + than + Bất quy tắc: Ta thấy, sau chỗ trống là THAN nên đáp án là C Tạm dịch: Bữa ăn đắt hơn một chút so với chúng tơi mong đợi, nhưng nĩ rất ngon. Question 7. Đáp án: C Kiến thức: Trạng từ chỉ thời gian Giải thích: Ta thấy, ở mệnh đề chính động từ chia ở thì tương lai đơn nên động từ ở mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian chia ở hiện tại. Ta cĩ cơng thức: S1 + will + V1 + O1 + when/ until/ as soon as/ once + S2 + V2(s/es) + O2 S1 + will + V1 + O1 + as soon as/ once/ after + S2 + has/ have V2-p2 + O2 Vậy đáp án đúng là C Tạm dịch: Cơ ấy sẽ gửi cho tơi bản thiết kế ngơi nhà mới của tơi ngay sau khi cơ ấy hồn thành nĩ. Question 8. Đáp án B Kiến thức: Giới từ Giải thích: Ta cĩ cấu trúc: be sympathetic to sb: cảm thơng với ai đĩ Vậy đáp án đúng là B Tạm dịch: Tina tự cho mình là người may mắn khi được bố mẹ khá thơng cảm và cho cơ những lời khuyên quý giá. Question 9. Đáp án: C Kiến thức: Câu hỏi đuơi Giải thích: Ta cĩ: - Câu trần thuật bắt đầu bằng “The band isn’t” – động từ cĩ hình thức phủ định và ở thì hiện tại đơn nên câu hỏi đuơi ở thể khẳng định và hiện tại đơn. - Chủ ngữ “The band” – số ít nên đại từ thay thế là IT Vậy đáp án đúng là C Tạm dịch: Ban nhạc sẽ khơng đến thăm Đan Mạch vào tháng 5 tới phải khơng? Question 10. Đáp án B Kiến thức: Mạo từ Giải thích: Ta thấy, sau chỗ trống là danh từ khơng đếm được “damage” – sự thiệt hại – được xác định bởi mệnh đề “we are causing to the environment” liền sau nên dùng mạo từ THE trước nĩ. Vậy đáp án đúng là: B Tạm dịch: Tơi khá chán nản khi nghĩ về những thiệt hại mà chúng ta đang gây ra cho mơi trường. Question 11. Đáp án C Kiến thức: Từ vựng Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. praise (n): ca ngợi B. credit (n): thẻ tín dụng C. blame (n): đổ lỗi D. rap (n): tiếng gõ nhẹ Ta cĩ cụm từ: blame for sth to sbd/sth = đổ lỗi cái gì cho ai/cái gì Dựa vào nghĩa, đáp án đúng là C Tạm dịch: Báo cáo đổ lỗi cho vụ tai nạn là do các quy định an tồn khơng đầy đủ. Question 12. Đáp án A Kiến thức: Cụm động từ Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. put up with: chịu đựng B. look up to: ngưỡng mộ/ tơn trọng C. get on with: hịa hợp với D. catch up with: bắt kịp/ đuổi kịp Dựa vào nghĩa, đáp án đúng là A Tạm dịch: Là bạn cùng phịng của Joe, tơi thấy anh ấy là một người khá dễ mến, ngay cả khi đơi khi khơng dễ gì chịu đựng được hành vi ồn ào của anh ấy. Question 13. Đáp án: C Kiến thức: Hình thức động từ Giải thích: Ta cĩ cấu trúc: agree to do st: đồng ý làm gì đĩ Vậy đáp án đúng là C Tạm dịch: Ban lãnh đạo doanh nghiệp đã đồng ý đầu tư vào các nguồn năng lượng tái tạo để giảm lượng khí thải carbon của cơng ty. Question 14. Đáp án C Kiến thức : Thành ngữ Giải thích: Xét các đáp án: A. stone (n): đá B. tile (n): ngĩi/ đá lát C. brick (n): gạch D. block (n): khối/ tảng Ta cĩ thành ngữ: drop a brick: nĩi hoặc làm thứ gì khiến bạn cảm thấy ngượng/ lỡ lời/ lỡ miệng Vậy đáp án đúng là: C Tạm dịch: Cơ ấy đã lỡ miệng trong buổi hẹn hị đầu tiên khi nĩi với anh ấy rằng cơ ấy khơng thích thú cưng. Khơng may thay, anh ấy luơn là một người rất thích thú
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