Đề cương ôn thi THPT quốc gia - Bài: Từ đồng nghĩa trái nghĩa (Có đáp án)

TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA TRÁI NGHĨA - ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA
Bài 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
1. He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of crime.
	A. complain	B. exchange	C. explain	D. arrange
2. The teacher gave some suggestions on what could come out for the examination.
	A.effects	B. symptoms	C. hints	D. demonstrations
3. I’ll take the new job whose salary is fantastic.	
	A. reasonable	B. acceptable	C. pretty high	D. wonderful
4. I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry.
	A. hopeless	B. hopeful	C. successful	D. unsuccessful	
5. Carpets from countries such as Persia and Afghanistan often fetch high prices in the United States.
	A. Artifacts	B. Pottery	C. Rugs	D. Textiles
6. Though many scientific breakthroughs have resulted from mishaps it has taken brilliant thinkers to recognize their potential.
	A. accidents	B. misunderstandings	C. incidentals	D. misfortunes	
7. The shop assistant was totally bewildered by the customer's behavior.	
	A. disgusted	B. puzzled	C. angry	D. upset	
8. He didn't bat an eyelid when he realized he failed the exam again.	
	A. wasn't happy	B. didn't want to see	C. didn't show surprise	D. didn't care
9. Ralph Nader was the most prominent leader of the U.S consumer protection movement.
	A. casual	B. significant	C. promiscuous	D. aggressive	
10. Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara falls.
	A. come without knowing what they will see	B. come in large numbers
	C. come out of boredom	D. come by plane
11. Around 150 B.C. the Greek astronomer Hipparchus developed a system to classify stars according to brightness.
	A. record	B. shine	C. categorize	D. diversify
12. She is always diplomatic when she deals with angry students.
	A. strict	B. outspoken	C. firm	D. tactful
13. Roget's Thesaurus, a collection of English words and phrases, was originally arranged by the ideas they express rather than by alphabetical order.
	A. restricted	B. as well as	C. unless	D. instead of
14. With the dawn of space exploration, the notion that atmospheric conditions on Earth may be unique in the solar system was strengthened.
	A. outcome	B. continuation	C. beginning	D. expansion	
15. Let's wait here for her; I'm sure she'll turn up before long.
	A. arrive	B. return	C.enter	D. visit	
16. This tapestry has a very complicated pattern.
	A. obsolete	B. intricate	C. ultimate	D. appropriate	
17. During the Great Depression, there were many wanderers who traveled on the railroads and camped along the tracks.
	A. veterans	B. tyros	C. vagabonds	D. zealots	
18. We decided to pay for the furniture on the installment plan.	
	A. monthly payment	B. cash and carry	C. credit card	D. piece by piece
19. The last week of classes is always very busy because students are taking examinations, making applications to the University, and extending their visas.
	A. hectic	B. eccentric	C. fanatic	D. prolific
20. The drought was finally over as the fall brought in some welcome rain.
	A. heatware	B. harvest	C. summer	D. aridity
21. When their rent increased from 200 to 400 a month, they protested against such a remendous increase.
	A. light	B. huge	C. tiring	D. difficult
22. In 1952, Akihito was officially proclaimed heir to the Japanese throne.
	A. installed	B. declared	C. denounced	D. advised
23. The augmentation in the population has created a fuel shortage.
	A. increase	B. necessity	C. demand	D. decrease
24. If we had taken his sage advice, we wouldn’t be in so much trouble now.
A. willing	B. sturdy	C. wise	D. eager	
25. A mediocre student who gets low grades will have trouble getting into an Ivy League college.
	A. average	B. lazy	C. moronic	D. diligent
26. The politician’s conviction for tax fraud jeopardized his future in public life.
	A. rejuvenated	B. penalized	C. jettisoned	D. Endangered
27. This is the instance where big, obvious non-verbal signals are appropriate. 
	A. situation	B. attention	C. place	D. matter
28. He had never experienced such discourtesy towards the president as it occurred at the annual meeting in May.
	A. politeness	B. rudeness	C. encouragement	D. measurement
29. Parents interpret facial and vocal expressions as indicators of how a baby is feeling.
	A. translate	B.understand	C. read	D. comprehend	
30.He didn’t bat an eye when he realized he failed the exam again.
	A. didn’t show surprise 	B. didn’t want to see 	C.didn’t care	D. wasn’t happy
31. The notice should be put in the most conspicuous place so that all the students can be well-informed.
	A. popular 	B. suspicious	C. easily seen	D. beautiful
32. I think we have solved this problem once and for all.	
	A. forever	B. for goods	C. temporarily	D. in the end
33. The law applies to everyone irrespective of race, creed, or colour.
	A. disrespectful	B. regardless	C. considering	D. in spite
34. His patents completely believe in him. He can do things at random.
	A. at stake	B. at will	C. at once	D. at hand	
35. Have you ever read about a famous general in Chinese history who was very incredulous?
	A.unimaginable	B. excellent	C. incredible	D. Skeptical
36. The organization has the authority to manage and regulate new and existing free trade agreements, to supervise world trade practices and to settle trade disputes among member states.
	A. prolong	B. strengthen	C. reconcile	D. augment
37. With its various activities, the Camp has set up a stronger regional identity by raising youth’s awareness of Southeast Asia’s history and heritage.
	A.heredity	B. tradition 	C. endowment	D. bequest
38. All the presentations and activities at the ASEAN Youth in January 2006 Camp echoed that theme named “Water and the Arts”.
	A. reflected	B. mentioned	C. illustrated	D. remembered
39. As a government official, Benjamin Franklin often traveled abroad.
	A. widely	B. secretly	C. alone	D. overseas
40. American poet James Merrily received critical acclaim for his work entitled Jim's Book.
	A. advice	B. disapproval	C. praise	D. attention	
41. The lost hikers stayed alive by eating wild berries and drinking spring water.
	A. connived	B. survived	C. surprised	D. revived
42. During the earthquake, a lot of buildings collapsed, which killed thousands of people.
	A. went off accidentally	B. fell down unexpectedly	C. exploded suddenly	D. erupted violently	
43. My mom is always bad-tempered when I leave my room untidy.
	A.feeling embarrassed	B. talking too much	
	C. very happy and satisfied 	D. easily annoyed or irritated	
44. Smoking has been banned in public places in some countries.
	A. made illegal	B. limited	C. restricted	D. given way
45. Sometimes when I hear the news, I feel very miserable.	
	A. confused	B.frightened	C. upset	D. disappointed
46. A woman had a narrow escape when the car came round the corner.
	A. was hurt	B. was nearly hurt 	C. ran away 	D. bumped into the car
47. There was nothing they could do but leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down.
	A. except	B. instead of	C. than	D. unless
48. The boy was brought up with a family in the countryside.
	A. reared	B. bred	C. raised	D. grown
49. Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.
	A. leave	B. stop	C. sell	D. hide	
50. The air conditioner Mary has just bought is very hard to use.
	A. boring	B. difficult	C. simple 	D. easy
51. The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense.
	A. terminate	B. prevent 	C. initiate	D. lighten	
52. E-cash cards are the main means of all transactions in a cashless society.
	A. cash-starved	B. cash-strapped	C. cash-in-hand	D. cash-free
53. Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on Earth.
	A. risks	B. annoyances	C. fears	D. irritations
54. I think the medicine is beginning to wear off.
	A. stop being effective	B. take effect	C. be put in a bottle	D. be swallowed
55. "What I've got to say to you now is strictly off the record and most certainly not for publication," said the government official to the reporter.
	A.beside the point	B.not recorded	C. not popular	D. not yet official
56. A lack of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a job.
	A. impediment	B. encouragement	C. impetus	D. assistance
57. We have lived there for years and grown fond of the surroundings. That is why we do not want to leave.
	A. planted many trees in the surroundings	B. haunted by the surroundings
	C. loved the surroundings	D. possessed by the surroundings
58. The warranty guaranteed that all defective parts would be replaced without charge.
	A.imperfect	B.dorsal	C. lost	D. unused
59. The music is what makes the movie so memorable.	
	A. incredible	B. unforgettable	C. eventful	D. remarkable
60. Mountain people of adjoining nations have great deal in common because terrain and climate mould their lives similarly.
	A. friendly	B. distant	C. neighboring	D. developing
61. The doctor was sued for bad treatment.	
	A. mistreatment	B. malpractice	C. misdemeanour	D. maltreatment
62. Laws on military service since 1960 still hold good.	
	A. is in good condition	B. remains for good	C. stands in life	D. remains in effect	
63. In astronomy, a scale of magnitude from one to six denotes the brightness of astar.
	A. signifies	B. predicts	C. contrasts 	D. examines
64. Don’t you ever mention that matter again. I will not hear anything of it.
	A. touch on	B. put off	C. take in	D. go on
65. It was too late to stop the panic that had resulted from the false news report.
	A. enthralled	B.ensured	C.ensued	D. entailed
66. His new work has enjoyed a very good review from critics and readers.
	A. viewing	B. regard	C. look	D. opinion
67. Such problems as haste and inexperience are a universal feature of youth.
	A. marked	B. shared	C. hidden	D. separated
68. The newscaster gave a concise account of the strategy.
	A. complicated and intricate	B. short and clear	
	C. sad and depressing	D. long and detailed
69. Married couples can get a divorce if they find they are not compatible.
	A. able to share an apartment or house	B. able to budget their money
	C. capable of living harmoniously	D. capable of having children
70. Fruit is customarily treated with sulfur prior to drying to reduce any color change.
	A.	previous	to	B. at the time of	C. in front of	D. subsequent to
71. There is no thing to make it likely or certain that he will be at the party.
	A.	proof	B. promise	C. guarantee	D. fact
72. The dog is not well. We have to take it to see the person who treats sick animals.
	A. zoologist	B. horticulturist	C. veterinarian	D. veteran	
73. In Africa, many children die from not having enough food.	
	A. poverty	B. starvation	C. drought	D. malnutrition
74. Give me a not long account of what happened.	
	A. compact	B. terse	C. brief	D. condensed	
75. The three-year-old boy has a cycle with three wheels.	
	A. tricycle	B. unicycle	C. bicycle	D. motorcycle
76. The cotton gin was commonplace on many nineteenth century farms.
	A. often required 	B. sorely needed	C. frequently seen	D. visibly absent
77. In the field of artificial intelligence, scientists study methods for developing computer programs that display aspects of intelligent behavior.
	A. exhibit	B. classify	C. depend on	D. conform to	
78. She lost her temper with a customer and shouted at him.
	A. had a temperature 	B. kept her temper 	C. became very angry 	D. felt worried 
79. My wife was so keen on the picture that she paid through her nose for it. 
	A. paid nothing	B. turned a deaf ear	C. was offered	D. paid much more than usual
80. My hard-working students expected a good fortune to come in addition to their intelligence. 
	A. thoughtful	B. diligent	C. courteous	D. bright
81. It was relatively easy for him to learn baseball because he had been a cricket player.  
	A. approximately	B. comparatively	C. nearly	D. essentially
82. You have to be on your toes if you want to beat her.
	A. pay all your attention to what you are doing   	B. upset her in what she is doing
	C. get involved in what she is doing   	D. make her comply with your orders
83. The air is naturally contaminated by foreign matter such as plant pollens and dust. 
 	A. polluted 	B. occupied  	C. filled   	D. concentrated
84. Over a long time, customs can erode. They are gradually replaced by newer customs.  
 	A. grow stronger 	B. grow weaker  	C. develop rapidly	D. disappear completely
85. I’m becoming increasingly absent-minded. Last week, I locked myself out of my house twice.
 	A. being considerate of things 	B. remembering to do right things 
 	C. forgetful of one’s past 	D. often forgetting things 
86. Sports and festivals form an integral part of every human society.
 	A. Informative 	B. delighted 	C. exciting 	D. essential
87. Whenever problems come up, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly.
 	A. arrive 	B. encounter 	C. happen 	D. clean
88. It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
 	A. significant 	B. unclear 	C. evident 	D. frank
Bài 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
1. Because Jack defaulted on his loan, the bank took him to court.	
	A. failed to pay	B. paid in full	C. had a bad personality	D. was paid much money
2. His career in the illicit drug trade ended with the police raid this morning .
	A. elicited	B. irregular 	C. secret	D. legal	
3. The government is not prepared to tolerate this situation any longer.
	A. look down on	B. put up with	C. take away from	D. give on to	
4. I clearly remember talking to him in a chance meeting last summer.
	A. unplanned	B. deliberate	C. accidental	D. unintentional	
5. The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country.
	A. soak	B. permanent	C. complicated	D. guess
6. The US troops are using much more sophisticated weapons in the Far East.
	A. expensive	B. complicated	C. simple and easy to use	D. difficult to operate
7. In remote communities, it's important to replenish stocks before the winter sets in.
	A. remake	B. empty	C. refill	D. repeat
8. There has been no discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries were banned.
	A. clear	B. obvious	C. thin	D. insignificant
9. She had a cozy little apartment in Boston.	
	A. uncomfortable	B. warm	C. lazy	D. dirty
10. He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week.
	A. fresh	B. disobedient	C. obedient	D. understanding
11. There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
	A. ease	B. attraction	C. consideration	D. speculation
12. Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus.
	A. large quantity	B. small quantity	C. excess	D. sufficiency
13. During the five- decade history the Asian Games have been advancing in all aspects.
	A. holding at	B. holding back	C. holding to 	D. holding by
14. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
	A. explicit	B. implicit	C. obscure	D. odd
15. A chronic lack of sleep may make us irritable and reduces our motivation to work.
	A. uncomfortable	B. responsive	C. calm	D. miserable
16. Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region.
	A. restrain	B. stay unchanged	C. remain unstable 	D. fluctuate 	
17. Unless the two signatures are identical, the bank won’t honor the check.
	A. similar	B. different	C. fake	D. genuine	
18. Strongly advocating health foods, Jane doesn’t eat any chocolate.
	A. supporting	B. impugning	C. advising	D. denying
19. He decided not to buy the fake watch and wait until he had more money.
	A. authentic	B. forger	C. faulty	D. original
20. Her father likes the head cabbage rare.	
	A. over-boiled	B. precious	C. scarce	D. scare
21. There are several different kinds of faults in reading which are usually more exaggerated with foreign learners.
	A. overestimated	B. understated	C. overemphasized	D. undertaken
22. Whatever the activity level, all types of hobbies can require high levels of expertise.
	A. incapable	B. incompetence	C. expertness	D. skillfulness	
23. We offer a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24 hours.
	A. uninterested	B. unsure	C. slow	D. open	
24. There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
	A. ease	B. attraction	C. consideration	D. speculation
25. The rocket steepened its ascent.
	A. descent	B. decent	C. decant	D. dissent
26. The plane landed safely.
	A. touched down	B. took off	C. Both A and B	D. Neither A nor B
27. He decided not to buy the fake watch and wait until he had more money.
	A. authentic	B. forger	C. faulty	D. original
29. Her father likes the head cabbage rare.	
	A. over-boiled	B. precious	C. scarce	D. scare 
30. Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region.
	A. restrain	B. stay unchanged	C. remain unstable	D. fluctuate
31. In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through environmental improvements.
	A. something to stiffer 	B. something enjoyable	C. something sad	D. something to entertain
32. It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
	A. obvious	B. indistinct	C. transparent	D. evident
33. My cousin tends to look on the bright side in any circumstance.
	A. be optimistic	B. be pessimistic	C. be confident	D. be smart
34. There has been no discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries were banned.
	A. insignificant	B. clear	C. obvious	D. thin
35. In remote communities, it's important to replenish stocks before the winter sets in.
	A. empty	B. refill	C. repeat	D. remake	
36. Solar energy is not only plentiful but also infinite.
	A. without limit	B. boundless	C. limited	D. indefinite
37. His replies were inconsistent with his previous testimony.
	A. contradicted	B. compatible	C. enhanced	D. incorporated
38. We are now a 24/7 society where shops and services must be available all hours.
	A. an active society	B. an inactive society	C. a physical society	D. a working society	
39. A chronic lack of sleep may make us irritable and reduces our motivation to work.
	A. uncomfortable	B. responsive	C. calm	D. miserable
40. We'd better speed up if we want to get there in time.
	A. slow down	B. turn down	C. put down	D. lie down
41. She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity organization.
	A. mean	B. amicable	C. kind	D. hospitable
42. Her thoughtless comments made him very angry.
	A. honest	B. kind	C. pleasant	D. thoughtful
43. We left New York when I was six, so my recollections of it are rather faint.
A.	explicable	B.	unintelligible	C. clear	D. ambiguous
44. My first impression of her was her impassive face	
A. emotional	B. respectful	C. solid	D. fractious
45. She wrote me a vicious letter.
A. helpful	B. gently	C. dangerous	D. healthy	
46. We are very grateful to Professor Humble for his generosity in donating this wonderful painting to the museum.
A. meanness	B. sympathy	C. gratitude	D. churlishness
47. Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus.
	A. sufficiency	B. excess	C. large quantity	D. small quantity
48. There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
	A. attraction	B.speculation	C. ease	D. consideration
49. The consequences of the typhoon were disastrous due to the lack of precautionary measures.
	A. physical	B. severe	C. beneficial	D. damaging
50. Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
	A. Wealthy	B. Well-off	C. Privileged	D. Impoverished
51. Synthetic products are made from chemicals or artificial substances.
	A. natural	B. made by machine	C. man-made	D. unusual
52. As an executive director of a big company, she is a woman of extraordinary intelligence.
	A. moderate	B. remarkable	C. little	D. sufficient
53. She was brought up in a well-off family. She can’t understand the problems we are facing.
	A. poor	B. wealthy	C. kind 	D. broke
54. Doctors have been criticized for their indiscriminate use of antibiotics.
	A. disciplined	B. selective	C. wholesale	D. unconscious
55. Slavery was abolished in the US in the 19th century.	
	A. instituted	B. eradicated	C. eliminated	D. required
24. The rocket steepened its ascent.
	A. descent	B. decent	C. decant	D. dissent
25. The plane landed safely.
	A. touched down	B. took off	C. Both A and B	D. Neither A nor B
26. He decided not to buy the fake watch and wait until he had more money.
	A. authentic	B. forger	C. faulty	D. original
27. In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through environmental improvements.
	A. something to stiffer 	B. something enjoyable	C. something sad	D. something to entertain
28. It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
	A. obvious	B. indistinct	C. transparent	D. evident
29. My cousin tends to look on the bright side in any circumstance.
	A. be optimistic	B. be pessimistic	C. be confident	D. be smart
30. There has been no discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries were banned.
	A. insignificant	B. clear	C. obvious	D. thin
31. Solar energy is not only plentiful but also infinite.
	A. without limit	B. boundless	C. limited	D. indefinite
32. His replies were inconsistent with his previous testimony.
	A. contradicted	B. compatible	C. enhanced	D. incorporated
33. We are now a 24/7 society where shops and services must be available all hours.
	A. an active society	B. an inactive society	C. a physical society	D. a working society	
34. We'd better speed up if we want to get there in time.
	A. slow down	B. turn down	C. put down	D. lie down
35. Although it’s a long day for us, we feel we are contented with what we do. 
 	A. interested 	B. dissatisfied 	C. excited 	D. shocked 
36. I can’t stand people who treat animals cruelly.
 	A. gently 	B. cleverly 	C. reasonably 	D. brutally
37. She decided to remain celibate and devote her life to helping the homeless and orphans.
 A. divorced 	B. separated 	C. single 	D. married
38. “ Please speak up a bit more, Jason. You’re hardly loud enough to be heard from the back”, the teacher said. 
 	A. visible      	B. edible  	C. eligible	D. inaudible
39. The funny story told by the man amused all the children. 
 	A. pleased  	B. entertained     	C. saddened  	D. frightened
40. It‘s difficult to tell him to give in because he is so big-headed.
	A. wise	B. modest	C. arrogant	D. generous
41. She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity organization.
	A. mean	B. amicable	C. kind	D. hospitable
42. Her thoughtless comments made him very angry.
	A. honest	B. kind	C. pleasant	D. thoughtful
43. We left New York when I was six, so my recollections of it are rather faint.
A.	explicable	B.	unintelligible	C. clear	D. ambiguous
44. My first impression of her was her impassive face	
A. emotional	B. respectful	C. solid	D. fractious
45. In Western culture, it is polite to maintain eye contact during conversation.
	A. irresponsible 	B. discourteous 	C. insecure 	D. informal
46. We are very grateful to Professor Humble for his generosity in donating this wonderful painting to the museum.
A. meanness	B. sympathy	C. gratitude	D. churlishness
47. Slavery was abolished in the US in the 19th century.	
	A. instituted	B. eradicated	C. eliminated	D. required
48. People in Vietnam nod their head to show that they agree with something. 
	A. blink	B. shake	C. wave	D. slump
49. The consequences of the typhoon were disastrous due to the lack of precautionary measures.
	A. physical	B. severe	C. beneficial	D. damaging
50. Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
	A. Wealthy	B. Well-off	C. Privileged	D. Impoverished
51. Synthetic products are made from chemicals or artificial substances.
	A. natural	B. made by machine	C. man-made	D. unusual
52. As an executive director of a big company, she is a woman of extraordinary intelligence.
	A. moderate	B. remarkable	C. little	D. sufficient
53. She was brought up in a well-off family. She can’t understand the problems we are facing.
	A. poor	B. wealthy	C. kind 	D. broke
54. Doctors have been criticized for their indiscriminate use of antibiotics.
	A. disciplined	B. selective	C. wholesale	D. unconscious
55. Most of the female football players will be jobless when the Games are over.
	A. highly-paid	B. unemployed	C. busy	D. employed 
56. Under ideal conditions, the entire life cycle of some insects, for eample fleas, living on pets, may only take 3 weeks, so in no time at all, pets and homes can be infested.
	A. unaccountably	B. immeasurably	C. very sl