Đề luyện thi Trung học Phổ thông Quốc gia năm 2023 môn Tiếng Anh - Đề thi số 21 (Có đáp án)

ĐỀ THI SỐ 21
ĐỀ LUYỆN THI
KÌ THI TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG QUỐC GIA NĂM 2023
Môn: TIẾNG ANH
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. considerate 	B. photographer 	C. community 	D. circumstance
Question 2: A. apply 	B. anthem 	C. appear 	D. attend
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. meat 	B. team 	C. sea 	D. clear
Question 4: A. laid 	B. fair 	C. repair 	D. pair
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5: My former friend, together with his wife, pays a visit to my family last Sunday. 
A. Sunday 	B. former 	C. pays 	D. with 
Question 6: The comic books include numerate colour photographs, but many of them are not sharp or their colours are washed out. 
A. comic 	B. sharp 	C. numerate 	D. washed out 
Question 7: The native teachers used the advanced English vocabulary in his presentation, so students don’t understand the lesson. 
A. lesson 	B. so 	C. his 	D. advanced 
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 8: Our task is too difficult to accomplish, ______? 
A. was it 	B. wasn’t it 	C. is it 	D. isn’t it 
Q9: Minerals_____ at large quantities.
A. were continued to exploit 	B. continued to be exploited 
C. were continued to be exploited 	D. continued to exploit 
Question 10: Anne persisted ______ her search for the truth about what had happened. A. at B. about C. in D. on
Question 11: The magician is ______ than the assistant. 
A. talented	B. the most talented 	C. more talented 	D. as talented 
Question 12: ______ European Union has implemented new policies to address climate change. 
A. The 	B. X (no article) 	C. An 	D. A 
Question 13: When I entered the room, my daughter ______ the Internet. 
A. has surfed 	B. was surfing 	C. is surfing 	D. surfed 
Question 14: Why don’t you ask the man where ______ to stay?
A. he would rather 	B. he feels like 	C. would he like 	D. he would like
Question 15: I will contact you ______. 
A. as soon as I get the information about the course 
B. as soon as I was getting the information about the course 
C. as soon as I had got the information about the course 
D. as soon as I got the information about the course 
Question 16: The company ______ by a larger corporation, is now a subsidiary. 
A. acquired 	B. was acquired 	C. acquiring 	D. acquires 
Question 17: Her own mistakes made her very ______ of the faults of others.
a. tolerable	b. tolerant	c. tolerate	d. tolerated
Question 18: The old houses were ______ down to make way for a block of flats. A. banged B. hit C. knocked D. put
Question 19: The mother ______ her son’s temperature to see if he had a fever. 
A. took 	B. did 	C. made 	D. ran 
Question 20: The two countries have reached an agreement through dialogues described as ________.
A. counterproductive 	B. unproductive 	C. productivity 	D. productive
Question 21: He came to ______ for what had happened because he had clearly been in the wrong.
a. apologize 	b. compliment 	c. promise 	d. serve
Question 22: John looked up at Jane and tried a smile of love, of ______, of gratitude.
a. dislike 	b. unreliability 	c. trust 	d. anger
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 23: Anne: “Thanks for the nice gift!” John: “______” A. In fact, I myself don’t like it. B. You’re welcomed.
C. I’m glad you like it. D. But do you know how much it costs?
Question 24: “Would you like something to eat?” – “______.I’m not hungry now”
A. Yes, I would 	B. No, no problem 	C. No, thanks 	D. Yes, it is
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined ones.
Question 25: We admired the expertise with which he prepared the meal
A. activity 	B. courage	C. mastery 	D. effort
Question 26: These investments have remained dormant for several years.
A. clever 	B. inactive 	C. energetic 	D. invisible
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. 
Question 27: Because Jack defaulted on his loan, the bank took him to court. 
A/ failed to pay 	B. paid in full 	C. had a bad personality D. was paid much money 
Question 28: You should pat yourself on the back for having achieved such a high score in the graduation exam.
	A. praise yourself	B. criticize yourself	C. check up your back	D. wear a backpack
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 29: "What time did the bus arrive, Tom?" asked John. 
A. John asked Tom what time the bus arrived. 	B. John asked Tom what time was the bus arriving. 
C. John asked Tom what time the bus had arrived. 	D. John asked Tom what time had the bus arrived. 
Question 30: I last went to the cinema six months ago. 
A. I didn’t go to the cinema for six months. 	B. I haven’t gone to the cinema for six months. 
C. I have gone to the cinema for six months. 	D. I went to the cinema for six months. 
Question 31: It is not necessary for you to wear formal clothes to the party this evening. A. You shouldn’t wear formal clothes to the party this evening. B. You would wear formal clothes to the party this evening. C. You must wear formal clothes to the party this evening. D. You needn’t wear formal clothes to the party this evening. 
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 32: Wearing face masks is compulsory at public places. It is a must-do for everyone. A. By no means is it obligatory for everyone to wear face masks at public places. B. On no occasion is it obligatory for everyone to wear face masks at public places. C. Under no circumstances is it allowed to stop wearing face masks at public places, as it is obligatory for everyone. D. On no account was it allowed to stop wearing face masks at public places, as it is obligatory for everyone. 
Question 33: They don’t have enough money. They can’t buy a new car. A. If they had had enough money, they could have bought a new car. B. If they had enough money, they could buy a new car. C. Provided they have a lot of money, they can’t buy a new car. D. If they had enough money, they couldn’t buy a new car. 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38.
The wind controls our planet's weather and climate. But how much do we understand about this complex force (34)____ can kill and spread fear?
On the night of October 15, 1987, the south of England was struck by strong winds. Gusts of over 130 km/h (35)______ through the region. Nineteen people were killed, £1.5-billion worth of damage was (36) ______ and 19 million trees were blown down in just a few hours.
Although people thought of this as a hurricane, the winds of 1987 were only a (37)______ 7 storm. They remain far better known than the much more serious storms of January 25, 1990, when most of Britain was hit by daytime winds of up to 173 km/h. On this occasion, 47 people were killed, even though, (38)______ in 1987, the weather forecasters issued accurate warnings.
Question 34: A. what 	B. which 	C. when 	D. where
Question 35: A. ran 	B. blew 	C. flew 	D. spread
Question 36: A. paid 	B. created 	C. resulted 	D. caused
Question 37: A. strength 	B. length 	C. power 	D. force
Question 38: A. when 	B. like 	C. unlike 	D. such as
Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43.
 	Carbohydrates, which are sugars, are an essential part of a healthy diet. They provide the main source of energy for the body, and they also function to flavor and sweeten foods. Carbohydrates range from simple sugars like glucose to complex sugars such as amylose and amylopectin. Nutritionists estimate that carbohydrates should make up about one-fourth to one-fifth of a person's diet. This translates to about 75-100 grams of carbohydrates per day.
A diet that is deficient in carbohydrates can have an adverse effect on a person's health. When the body lacks a sufficient amount of carbohydrates it must then use its protein supplies for energy, a process called gluconeogenesis. This, however, results in a lack of necessary protein, and further health difficulties may occur. A lack of carbohydrates can also lead to ketosis, a build-up of ketones in the body that causes fatigue, lethargy, and bad breath. 
Q39. What is the main idea of this passage 
A) Carbohydrates are needed for good health. 	B) Carbohydrates prevent a build-up of proteins. 
C) Carbohydrates can lead to ketosis. 	D) Carbohydrates are an expendable part of a good diet. 
Q40. According to the passage, what do most nutritionists suggest? 
A) Sufficient carbohydrates will prevent gluconeogenesis 
B) Carbohydrates are simple sugars called glucose. 
C) Carbohydrates should make up about a quarter of a person's daily diet. 
D) Carbohydrates should be eaten in very small quantities. 
Q41. Which of the following do carbohydrates NOT do? 
A) prevent ketosis B) cause gluconeogenesis 	C) provide energy for the body 	D) flavor and sweeten food
Q42. What does the word "this" refer to in line 7? 
A) using protein supplies for energy 	B) converting carbohydrates to energy 
C) having a deficiency in carbohydrates 	D) having an insufficient amount of protein
Q43. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT describe carbohydrates? 
A) a protein supply 	B) a necessity 	C) a range of sugars 	D) an energy source
Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50
 Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local governments. Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job.
 Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs -
Social Security - has become an American institution. Paid for by deductions from the paychecks of working people. Social Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly income and also provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those who need it. Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 62, but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher. Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the population of elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically. Policy makers have proposed various ways to make up the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated.
 In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs. These include Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public housing which is built at federal expense and made available to persons on low incomes.
 Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available. Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons. It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S. households contribute money to charity.
Question 44: New immigrants to the U.S. could seek help from ______. A. the people who came earlier 	B. the US government agencies C. only charity organizations D. volunteer organizations
Question 45: It took welfare programs a long time to gain a foothold in the U.S. due to the fast growth of______.
A. industrialization 	B. modernization 	C. urbanization 	D. population
Question 46: Most of the public assistance programs ______ after the severe economic crisis.
A. were introduced into institutions 	B. did not become institutionalized
C. functioned fruitfully in institutions	D. did not work in institutions
Question 47: That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that ______.
A. elderly people ask for more money 	B. the program discourages working people
C. the number of elderly people is growing 	D. younger people do not want to work
Question 48: Americans on low incomes can seek help from ______.
A. federal government B. government agencies C. state governments D. non-government agencies
Question 49: Public assistance has become more and more popular due to the ______.
A. young people’s voluntarism only 	B. volunteer organizations
C. people’s growing commitment to charity 	D. innovations in the tax system
Question 50: The passage mainly discusses ______. A. public assistance in America B. immigration into America
C. funding agencies in America 	D. ways of fund-raising in America
SELF- STUDY:
Collocation & Idiom:
make use of :tận dụng	
take notice of : chú ý	
give way to: nhường chỗ cho	
catch sight of: thoáng thấy
take one’s temperature: lấy nhiệt độ cho ai
pat oneself on the back: chúc mừng ai, khen ngợi ai
Phrasal Verb:
knock down: phá đổ (nhà), dỡ (nhà).	- put down: đập tan, dẹp tan
hit down: gian lận
Grammar:
CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI: Câu thông báo dùng TO BE, CHĐ cũng dùng TO BE
CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG: BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC ĐT: START/BEGIN/CONTINUE: 
	+ Câu CĐ: S + START/BEGIN/CONTINUE + to V + O
	+ Câu BĐ: S + START/BEGIN/CONTINUE + to be + V3/V-ed + by + O
GIỚI TỪ: to persit IN sth/ Ving: khăng khăng làm điều gì.
MẠO TỪ: Tên tổ chức thường có mạo từ THE.
CÂU SO SÁNH: Sau từ cần điền có từ THAN à so sánh hơn. Lưu ý tính từ được thành lập từ động từ V-ing/V-ed: luôn được xem là tính từ dài.
THÌ: Mệnh đề phụ ở thì QKĐ, MĐC ở thì QKĐ/ QKTD/ QKH: Nếu mang nghĩa 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì bị 1 HĐ khác xen vào à dung thì QK tiếp diễn.
DANH ĐT VÀ ĐT NGUYÊN MẪU: WOULD LIKE + TO-INF
Rút gọn MĐQH: Có BY à MĐ mang nghĩa bị động à Dùng V3/V-ed để rút gọn
SỰ PHỐI HỢP THÌ: MĐC ở thì tương lai, MĐ phụ ở thì HT đơn/ HT hoàn.
BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU VỀ THÌ: S + LAST + V2/N-ed + THE LENGTH OF TIME + AGO = S + HAVEN’T/HASN’T + V3/V-ed + FOR + THE LENGTH OF TIME
ĐẢO NGỮ: Cấu trúc "under no circumstances" được sử dụng với ý nghĩa: dù trong bất kì hoàn cảnh nào cũng không được làm điều gì. Cấu trúc này được dung với ĐẢO NGỮ
Vocabulary:
Word form: 	
	+ counterproductive: mang tính hiệu quả trái với mong muốn 	+ unproductive: không mang tính hữu ích 
	+ productivity: năng suất 	+ productive: hữu ích. 
	+ tolerable (a): có thể tha thứ, có thể chịu được (khách quan)	+ tolerant (a): tha thứ, chịu đựng (chủ quan)	
	+ tolerate (v): tha thứ, chịu đựng
force: đơn vị đo sức gió.	- Defaulted: vỡ nợ, phá sản
llicit: bất hợp pháp 	- elicited: lộ ra 
predecessor(n): người đi trước, bậc tiền bối 	- hurricane	(n): bão	
 apologize (v): xin lỗi	- compliment (v, n):khen, lời khen	
 promise 	(v): hứa	- Serve (v): phục vụ
 Unreliability	- Trust	(v): tin	
Anger (n): sự giận dữ	- expertise = mastery: thông thạo việc gì
activity: hoạt động	- courage: sự can đảm
effort: sự cố gắng
dormant ≠ active: im lìm, không hoạt động ≠ hoạt động tích cực
clever: thông minh
energetic: mạnh mẽ, tràn đầy năng lượng
invisible: vô hình
failed to pay: không thể trả	
paid in full: trả đầy đủ	
had a bad personality: có 1 tính cách xấu
was paid much money: trả nhiều tiền
KEYS CHI TIẾT
Câu 17: Vị trí cần điền là tính từ
=> B và A là tính từ
- tolerable ['tɔlərəbl]-(a) có thể tha thứ được
- be tolerant of/towards sb/sth : thể hiện sự tha thứ đối với ai/cái gì
Dịch: Những lỗi lầm của chính mình khiến cô ấy dễ dàng tha thứ cho những lỗi lầm của người khác. Đáp án B 
20: D
Giải thích: counterproductive (mang tính hiệu quả trái với mong muốn), unproductive (không mang tính hữu
ích), productivity (năng suất), productive (hữu ích). Xét về mặt ý nghĩa thì đáp án productive là phù hợp hơn
cả. Khi đó Câu được hiểu là “Hai quốc gia này đã tiến tới một hợp hiệp định thông qua các cuộc đàm phán
được coi là mang tính hữu ích.”
34: B
Giải thích: Chỗ trống cần điền là một đại từ quan hệ bổ sung ý nghĩa cho cụm từ “this complex force” nên đại
từ chỉ vật “which” là phương án thích hợp nhất. Lưu ý ta không thể dùng “what” vì mệnh đề quan hệ không có
hàm ý nghi vấn, dấu chấm hỏi là của cụm từ “how much” ở đầu Câu.
35: B
Giải thích: Run: chạy (người và động vật); blow: thổi, cuốn đi (gió); flow: chảy (nước); spread: trải, căng ra,
bày ra. “130 km/h” trong đoạn văn là con số chỉ sức gió trong cơn mưa nên động từ “blow” là đáp án.
36: D
Giải thích: Pay: trả; create: tạo ra; result: xảy ra; cause: gây ra. Ta có cấu trúc to cause damage: gây thiệt hại.
Trong đoạn văn trên có xuất hiện “damage” với vai trò là chủ ngữ trong Câu nên động từ dạng bị động phải
điền vào chỗ trống ở đây là “caused”.
37: D
Giải thích: Strength: sức mạnh, cường độ, mặt mạnh; length: độ dài; power: quyền năng; force: đơn vị đo sức
gió. Sau chỗ trống là số 7 chỉ sức gió (cấp 7) nên danh từ phải điền chính là force.
38: C
Giải thích: Đứng trước chỗ trống cần điền là cụm từ even though: mặc dù (chỉ ý ngược lại với mệnh đề đứng
trước) nên unlike (không giống với) là đáp án.
39. A
Chứng cứ: Carbohydrates, which are sugars, are an essential part of a healthy diet. 
40. C
Chứng cứ: Nutritionists estimate that carbohydrates should make up about one-fourth to one-fifth of a person's diet.
41. B
Chứng cứ: - A lack of carbohydrates can also lead to ketosis,
- They provide the main source of energy for the body,
- they also function to flavor and sweeten foods.
42. A
43. A
Chứng cứ: - Carbohydrates, which are sugars, are an essential part of a healthy diet.
- Carbohydrates range from simple sugars like glucose to complex sugars
- They provide the main source of energy for the body
44.
Giải thích: Bằng chứng cho Câu trả lời này nằm trong Câu “Arriving immigrants depended mainly on
predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life.” Trong đó, từ predecessors có nghĩa tương
đương với the people who came earlier (những người đến trước).
45: A
Giải thích: Trong Câu “several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such a movement was
slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization” từ fast growth cùng nghĩa
với từ rapid pace. Vậy dáp án A là đáp án đúng.
46: B
Giải thích: Trong Câu “Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures,
but one of the programs Social Security - has become an American institution.” từ “Depression era” tương
đương với cụm từ “severe economic crisis” đều mang nghĩa là cuộc khủng hoảng kinh tế. Theo Câu trên thì
phần lớn các chương trình hỗ trợ ở thời kỳ khủng hoảng kinh tế ấy chỉ là giải pháp tạm thời sau đó các tổ chức
ấy có thể lạitự giải tán và trong số đó chỉ có Social Security được thành lập.Vậy đáp án B là đúng.
47: C
Giải thích: “Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to
fulfill its obligations in the 21st century (=Social Security payments will be a burden) , when the population of
elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically (= the number of elderly people is growing).
48: D
Giải thích: Ngoài chính nguồn trợ cấp từ chính phủ thì những người nghèo còn có thể tìm kiếm sự giúp đỡ từ
các tổ chức từ thiện hay tình nguyện nữa. (Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the
government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available.). Vậy đáp
án D là đúng.
49: C
Giải thích: Đáp án C là đúng vì càng ngày càng có thêm nhiều người tham gia vào các chương trình tình
nguyện kể cả người trẻ và người già như trong bài đọc đã viết “Volunteerism is on the rise, It is estimated that
almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S. households
contribute money to charity.”
50: A
Giải thích: Toàn bộ bài đọc cho thấy nội dung chính của bài đọc là nói về các tổ chức công cộng hỗ trợ người
nghèo (nên C sai), ở Mỹ nói chung chứ không chỉ là người nhập cư (nên B sai). Bài đọc đề cập đến việc các tổ
chức này lấy tiền từ đâu chứ không phải là cách gây quỹ nói chung ở Mỹ nên D sai.