Đề thi chọn học sinh giỏi Lớp 12 THPT chuyên môn Tiếng Anh - Năm học 2022-2023 - Sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc (Có đáp án)
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1 SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI LỚP 12 THPT CHUYÊN NĂM HỌC 2022-2023 ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) (Đề thi có 11 trang) A. LISTENING (Each recording will be played twice) Part 1. Questions 1-10 You will hear a talk about cats and do the following tasks. Questions 1 and 2. Choose the correct letter A, B or C. 1. The main problem is ________. A. cats in town B. the poor condition of feral cats C. public awareness 2. Emergency veterinary treatment is provided by ________. A. the government B. a small number of people C. nobody Questions 3-9. Complete the sentences below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. 3. Sterilisation is usually performed only on ________. 4. Sterilisation is carried out in ________. 5. Cats remain there for ________. 6. To show that an animal has been sterilized, one ________. Ways of publishing the issue METHOD MESSAGE WHEN Poster campaign A kitten is not (7) ________ now (8) ________ Families may get bored with the responsibility of owning a pet perhaps before next Christmas Newspaper and advertisements Abandoned animals cause problems for other people (9) ________ Question 10. Choose the correct letter A, B or C. 10. Wider problem of feral cats is that they can ________. A. injure children B. damage human health C. become infested with parasites Part 2. Questions 11-15 You will hear part of an interview with the comedian Kevin Burke. Choose the answer A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear. 11. What does Kevin value most about the book entitled Laughter? A. It was written with comedians in mind. B. It helps him see why some comedians fail. C. It shows him why audiences react as they do. D. It aims to show what makes certain jokes funny. 12. What does Kevin say about his time at university? A. He regrets his choice of degree subject. B. He is proud of his academic achievements. C. He enjoyed getting involved in a range of activities. D. He had a lot in common with other students on his course. 13. After leaving university, Kevin ________. A. was determined to build a career as a journalist B. didn't really enjoy the type of work he was doing C. set his sights on getting work as a television presenter D. took the opportunity to develop his skills as a performer 14. What does Kevin say about his television career? A. It's not where he does his best work. B. He wishes he hadn't accepted certain offers. C. It's not as demanding as working on stage with a live audience. D. He feels most comfortable doing a range of different programmes. 15. Kevin believes that he is successful on stage because ________. A. he is able to make audiences feel sorry for him B. he can convince audiences that he is in control C. he is able to laugh at his own appearance D. he can appeal to people's sense of logic ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC 2 Part 3. Questions 16-25 Listen to a news report about a type of mushroom-based leather and complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording in each blank. - In the Indonesian city of Bandung, mushrooms are not only a source of (16) ________ and nourishment but also serve as the raw material for a new textile. - Mycelium, a (17) ________ of mushrooms that strongly resembles leather without any PU or PVC, makes them the perfect ingredient of a sustainable future leather. - Adi Reza Nugroho (18) ________ and turned his startup into one that focuses on mycelium instead of (19) ________ with a view to developing a new fashion industry. - To produce (20) ________ mycelium, mushroom spores are mixed with cleaned and locally sourced (21) ________, which is considered to be a “treasure” at Adi’s company. - Although he initially (22) ________ the idea, shoe seller Yukka Harlanda was interested in mycelium fabric, which is flexible, robust, durable, eco-friendly, sustainable and (23) ________. - Yukka expressed his confidence about the future of the mycelium shoe project, despite the (24) ________ to be overcome and the large amount of work to do. - Given rising demands, Adi’s company will (25) ________ on production capacity to complete their orders. B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR Part 1. Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D for each of the following questions. 1. Of all the factors affecting agricultural yields, the weather is the one ________ the most. A. that influences farmers B. farmers that is influences C. why farmers influence it D. it influences farmers 2. Whenever he had an important decision to make, he ________ a cigar, supposedly to calm his nerves. A. would light up B. would be lighting up C. would have lit up D. had lit up 3. Not only knowledge and skills, ________ in schools for students’ future adjustment to society. A. but also do attitudes need to be cultivated B. but do attitudes also need to be cultivated C. but also attitudes need to be cultivated D. attitudes also to be cultivated 4. In the eastern part of Vietnam ________, a major shipping and manufacturing center. A. lies the city of Hai Phong B. the city of Hai Phong lies C. around the city of Hai Phong lies D. there lies the city of Hai Phong 5. Ancient Egyptians mummified the dead bodies through the use of chemicals, ________ ancient Peruvians did through natural processes. A. because B. whereas C. whether or not D. even though 6. It was a tremendous ________ for the local paper to get an exclusive interview with Prince Charles. A. coup B. snap C. clover D. savvy 7. Unlike acid rain or deforestation, global warming has no visible ________. A. manifestation B. demonstration C. induction D. representation 8. Reductions in pollution levels could ________ global warming. A. withhold B. dwindle C. abate D. retard 9. Tom responded to the crisis in a steady, ________ manner. A. unfaltering B. unruffled C. imperturbable D. dispassionate 10. David is going into partnership with a man he hardly knows. If he’s not careful, he’s likely to _______. A. be near the knuckle B. kick his heels C. get his fingers burnt D. have no backbone 11. The game will not be disrupted or ________ destroyed by the decision of a player to leave the game prematurely. A. fortuitously B. maliciously C. haphazardly D. offhandedly 12. The business ________ better than expected and profits were slightly up. A. came about B. brought up C. set off D. made out 13. My heart was ________ as I skimmed the examination results table looking for my name. A. skipping B. pounding C. bursting D. shivering 3 14. It is high time you gave a ________ about your old father, I can see his feeling of being lonely. A. twitch B. chirp C. howl D. hoot 15. He jumped down his ________ when being called his name the third time. A. mouth B. neck C. face D. throat 16. Though it might be an ________ truth, you should come to terms with it. A. unpalatable B. inedible C. unmanageable D. indigestible 17. We've fallen behind ________ when it comes to developing new digital products. A. the wheel B. the curve C. the game D. the bend 18. She was very frustrated by his behaviour, but didn’t say anything because she didn’t want to ________ the boat. A. rattle B. rock C. shake D. roll 19. You can’t expect everything to run on ________ all the time. A. the gauntlet B. a peg or two C. an even keel D. pot luck 20. I parked in a restricted area and the police ________ my car. A. imprisoned B. impounded C. impaled D. interned Part 2. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap. Knowing how to catch (21. DECEIVE) ________ can be just as important a survival skill as knowing how to tell a lie and get away with it. A person able to spot (22. FALSE) ________ quickly is unlikely to be swindled by a(n) (23. SCRUPLE) ________ business associate or hoodwinked by a devious spouse. In order to know what kind of lies work best, successful liars need to accurately assess other people’s emotional states and the one to watch out for is stress, the conflict most liars feel between the truth and what they actually say and do. Even (24. TECHNOLOGY) ________ lie detectors don’t detect lies as such: they merely detect the (25. PHYSICS) ________ cues of emotions, which may or may not correspond to what the person being tested is saying. Polygraphs, for instance, measure (26. RESPIRE) ________, heart rate and skin (27. CONDUCT) ________, which tend to increase when people are nervous – as they usually are when lying. On the other hand, those increases are (28. ADMIT) ________ in court as although they may signify that the person is (29. ECONOMY) ________ with the truth, the causes of those may simply be a hot light in the television studio. Good lie detectors don’t rely on a single sign but interpret clusters of verbal and non- verbal clues that suggest someone might be lying. Those clues are written all over the face. Because the (30. MUSCLE) ________ of the face is directly connected to the areas of the brain that process emotion, the countenance can be a window to the soul. C. READING COMPREHENSION Part 1. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D for each of the blanks. Environmental Issues in the Developing World The issues for (1) ________ economies are a little more straightforward. The desire to build on undeveloped land is not (2) ________ out of desperation or necessity, but is a result of the relentless march of progress. Cheap labour and a relatively highly-skilled workforce make these countries highly competitive and there is a flood of inward investment, particularly from (3) ________ looking to take advantage of the low wages before the cost and standard of living begin to rise. It is factors such as these that are making many Asian economies extremely attractive when viewed as investment opportunities at the moment. Similarly, in Africa, the relative (4) ________ of precious metals and natural resources tends to attract a lot of (5) ________ companies and a whole sub-industry develops around and is completely dependent on this foreign-direct investment. It is understandable that countries that are the focus of this sort of attention can lose sight of the environmental implications of large-scale industrial development, and this can have devastating consequences for the natural world. And it is a (6) ________ cycle because the more industrially active a nation becomes, the greater the demand for and harvesting of natural resources. For some, the environmental issues, though they can hardly be ignored, are viewed as a (7) ________ concern. Indeed, having an environmental conscience or taking environmental matters into consideration when it comes to decisions on whether or not to build rubber-tree (8) ________ or grow biofuel crops would be quite (9) ________ indeed. For those involved in such schemes it is a pretty black-and-white issue. And, for vast (10) ________ of land in Latin America, for example, it is clear that the welfare of the rainforests matters little to local government when vast sums of money can be made from cultivating the land. 1. A. emerging B. emergent C. convergent D. resurgent 2. A. grown B. born C. bred D. arisen 3. A. multinationals B. migrants C. continentals D. intercontinentals 4 4. A. premonition B. abundance C. amplitude D. accumulation 5. A. exploitation B. exploration C. surveillance D. research 6. A. vacuous B. viscous C. vexatious D. vicious 7. A. parallel B. extrinsic C. peripheral D. exponential 8. A. plantations B. homesteads C. ranches D. holdings 9. A. proscriptive B. prohibitive C. prospective D. imperative 10. A. regions B. plots C. tracts D. sectors Part 2. You are going to read an extract from an article. Seven paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap (11-17). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. A Race to Remember Imagine, if you will, charging across sand dunes at a speed of 100 kilometers per hour, with sand flying up at the windscreen while you try to maintain control of the wheel and your navigator attempts to maintain their compass steady at 25 degrees north-northwest, so you don’t divert from your course. Now, imagine that scenario taking place over eight hours in a single day and over a period of around 12 days. That is the reality of the world-renowned Dakar Rally. 11. This year the race took place in Saudi Arabia with a total of 310 vehicles, made up of motorbikes and cars, amongst many other categories, and only 206 of those vehicles crossed the finish line. One individual that made it through this brutal event was Frederique Le Salles for whom it was his second rally. “Although my first Dakar Rally was five years ago, I’ve dreamed about coming back ever since. It took me all that time to raise the funds to enter again, and I’m overjoyed to finally return.” 12. As these examples show, the Rally truly does get under people’s skin, with the same competitors returning multiple times. This gives them the benefit of experience, which is an essential attribute in this competition. Without the modern necessities of GPS, knowing what the race takes in terms of the trials and tribulations, gives old-timers an important mental advantage in the race, and many taking part more than once because of this. 13. The event originated from the experience of a man called Thierry Sabine who became so adrift from the course in the 1977 Abidjan-Nice Rally that he realized his detour would make for a great race in itself. The first Dakar Rally started in Dakar in Africa and finished in Paris, skirting around the edges of the Sahara Desert, a gruelling 10,000-kilometre trip. 14. It is here that I spoke to competitors about their expectations of and concerns for the race, as well as finding out a bit about their preparation for such an unyielding few weeks of fierce motor racing. The responses I received didn’t vary wildly – participants’ preparation was always meticulous. 15. One rally driver, who is on his fifth race, told me that he believes a lot of the rally is down to luck. “ It takes just a split second to make a mistake, and so, it doesn’t matter if you’ve driven brilliantly for thousands of kilometers, because all you need is one meter to go wrong, and you crash out. It’s happened to me twice and it’s a completely soul-crushing experience.” 16. Whether this is truly enough to be ready, only time will tell. While the financial rewards for winning aren’t publicized (although rumour has it that they are relatively low), the accolade of winning is certainly something money can’t buy. However, this doesn’t mean that the rally is unprofitable for all, and there are some enterprising routes to make the rally a little more lucrative. 17. A. Such is the commitment to compete that one racer, Chris Cork, sold his house in the UK in order to secure a place on the 2015 Dakar Rally. Unfortunately, he crashed out on the fourth day and had to undergo a difficult recovery procedure for his injuries. Undeterred, he came back the next year to compete, with financial help from well-wishers who were touched by his story. 5 B. Although some entrants go it alone, with the bare-minimum requirements needed to participate, there are many other participants who sign up with companies and receive sponsor bonuses depending on their performance in each round. While finishing a round may be in the hands of fate, it is far more beneficial to do it with sponsorship, as many successful rally winners know. C. As a motorsport reporter, I’ve been fortunate enough to follow this competition for the last five years, and it never ceases to amaze me how tough and committed each racer is. Rather than a test of driving, or navigation, it is simply an epic feat of endurance. Racers are required to fix their vehicles themselves while on stage, and there is not even a great probability that they will be able to finish, with most competitors crashing out or breaking down on the route. D. Perhaps the mail appeal for these riders is that it offers a sense of adventure that is hard to parallel. The Rally covers lots of harsh terrain and the course is simply a series of written directions. In addition to that, if they don’t have any overnight repairs to keep them busy, many drivers find themselves sleeping in tents alongside their vehicles, giving them just enough time to recuperate and get back on the ride. Indeed, unlike may racing events, there is little luxury to be had, and this has always been the case with the Dakar Rally. E. There was a lot of focus, as with every rally before, on the terrain, and the best ways to cope with it. 75% of all rally would take place on sand, and a great deal on sand dunes. This means hill climbs and sheer drops, and little ability to spot landmarks to help you know where you are. And remember, if you get your directions wrong, it can take you hours to catch up. F. Fortunately, for many people, the Dakar Rally is a labour of love, but budget can make a significant difference to your opportunities of succeeding. While amateurs may be sleeping aside their vehicles relying on themselves for any repairs, professionals will have a team that can take care of their every need at the end of each stage. G. Although for many years Africa was its home, the location of the Rally has not remained static. It transferred to a different continent altogether, South America, from 2009 to 2019, and more lately to Saudi Arabia, where the vehicles have had to compete with the Middle Eastern deserts and their scorching days and nearly freezing nights. H. Others are more concerned with how they’ll keep their momentum up. “ This will be our third race, and we think we’ve finally discovered what we need to really compete with the best. We’ve come to realize that the race is about resilience and technical ability, and we’ve been training with sleep deprivation and motor repair exercises to make sure we’ve got both these qualities.” Part 3. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. Section A The human community can be regarded as a system, holistic in nature, seeking survival. Throughout the ages, observers of human behaviour have repeatedly identified four major patterns or configurations of behaviour. Such holistic sorting of behaviour patterns has been recorded for at least twenty-five centuries. In 450 B.C., Hippocrates described four such dispositions he called temperaments - a choleric temperament with an ease of emotional arousal and sensitivity, a phlegmatic temperament with cool detachment and impassivity, a melancholic temperament with a very serious, dour, and downcast nature, and a sanguine temperament full of impulsivity, excitability, and quick reactivity. During the Middle Ages, Philippus Paracelsus described four natures whose behaviours were said to be influenced by four kinds of spirits: nymphs, sylphs, gnomes, and salamanders. Most twentieth-century psychologists abandoned holistic observation of human behaviour for a microscopic examination of parts, fragments, traits, and so on. To them, all human beings were basically alike, and individual differences were due to chance or conditioning. Two German psychologists, Ernst Kretschmer and Eduard Spranger, were among the few to continue to view individuals holistically in terms of patterns. Inspired by their work, a modern psychologist, David Keirsey, noted common themes in the various observations and the consistent tendency of human behavious to sort itself into four similar patterns. Linda Berens continues to expand our understanding of the four temperaments through the unique contributions, including the core needs, values, talents, and behaviours of the four temperament patterns – as illustrated by The Temperament Targets. These four major patterns are referred to as temperaments. They describe the ways human personality interacts with the environment to satisfy its needs. Each of the four types of humours corresponded to a different personality type. 6 Section B The Sanguine temperament personality is fairly extroverted. People of a sanguine temperament tend to enjoy social gatherings and making new friends. They tend to be creative and often day dream. However, some alone time is crucial for those of this temperament. Sanguine can also mean very sensitive, compassionate and thoughtful. Sanguine personalities generally struggle with the following tasks all the way through. They are chronically late, and tend to be forgetful and sometimes a little sarcastic. Often, when pursuing a new hobby, interest is lost quickly when it ceases to be engaging or fun. A sanguine person is happy, friendly, warm, eager and has an ability to sympathize with others. He has lots of friends and everyone thinks he is a fun company. But he is often very self-centred and he lacks self-control. He has a tendency to exaggerate and he is emotionally unstable. Section C A person who is choleric is a doer. They have a lot of ambition, energy and passion, and try to instill it in others. They can dominate people of other temperaments, especially phlegmatic types. Many great charismatic military and political figures were cholerics. They have a strong will. They are independent, practical, efficient and productive. When they get something in their mind, nothing can stop them. Unfortunately, choleric people have to spend a lot of their time alone, as their social side is so poorly- developed. They scare people away with their coldness and their angry and cruel words. They are insensitive and overly dominating. Section D A person who is a thoughtful ponder has a melancholic disposition. Often very kind and considerate, melancholies can be highly creative – as in poetry and art – and can become occupied with the tragedy and cruelty in the world. A melancholic is also often a perfectionist. They are often self-reliant and independent. A melancholic person is often extremely talented. He can analyse things very deeply. He has an eye for beauty. He is disciplined and diligent. But he has a whole load of dark sides. He is often pessimistic and is depressed easily. He is too critical of himself and of others. He is revengeful and easily offended. Section E Phlegmatics tend to be self-content and kind. They can be very accepting and affectionate. They may be very receptive and shy and often prefer stability to uncertainty and change. They are very consistent, relaxed, rational, curious, and observant, making them good administrators and diplomats. Unlike the Sanguine personality, they may be more dependable. It’s easiest to get along with a phlegmatic person. He is calm and easygoing. His carefree attitude and good sense of humour attract people. He is stable and reliable and very diplomatic. But he is not perfect, either. He is often irritatingly slow and unable to make up his mind. He is selfish and stingy. Sometimes he is totally indifferent to everything around him. All he’s interested in is his daydreams. Section F The concept of temperament can generally be defined as a behavioural or emotional trait that differs across individuals, appears early in life, is relatively stable over the life-span, and is, at least to some degree, influenced by biology. One common defining characteristic of temperament is that it appears quite early in development and is relatively stable over the life-span. It is for this reason that the study of temperament has often focused on infancy and early-childhood. The assumption has been that temperament is not an acquired characteristic; one doesn’t learn one’s temperament, rather one is simply born with a given temperament profile. Further, these “in-born” traits persist throughout the life span, though they may change form. For example, an infant may have a withdrawal oriented temperament, but lacking the physical capacity to move independently may cry when presented with novel situations or toys or people, etc. The infant’s crying then elicits a caregiver to either remove the infant from the stimulus or the stimulus from the infant. In either case it effectively increases the distance between the infant and that which makes him or her uncomfortable. As the child ages through early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence and so on, he or she no longer needs to rely exclus
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