Enriching Your Vocabulary English 10 - Lesson 12 (Có đáp án)

ENRICHING YOUR VOCABULARY 12
WORD IN ACTION
Exercise A.
A. conclusive B. incurable C. in the pink D. out of the blue E. boisterous
F. advocate G. indolent H. propensity I. illiteracy J. pious
1. active 2. aversion 3. expectedly 4. oppose 5. ill
6. docile 7. atheistic 8. inconclusive 9. curable 10. literacy
Exercise B. Now, fiil in the blanks using the words above.
1. His essay paper was based on the widespread.....in Asia.
2. The defendant was acquitted due to.....evidence.
3. Scott, who was supposed to be in New York, seemed to arrive.....
4. Well, Mrs. Jones, you certainly look.....since you returned from your holiday.
5. The children were as.....as lambs.
6. As we approach the 21st century, it seems that more.....diseases are cropping up than 
 ever before.
7. There was a.....crowd waiting to see the basketball hero, Michael Jordan.
8. I don't know if I'm the cause, but it seems as though he has a natural......to argue.
9. He is said to have been a.....man who served his church dutifully.
10. In both World Wars, the United States.....Germany.
VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT
Exercise One. Rephrase the following sentences so that each new sentence contains a DERIVATIVE of the word in BOLD type.
 e.g. In 1975, the country obtained its independence.
 => In 1975, the country became independent.
1. In 1975, New Guineo became a sovereign state.
 In 1975, Australia was forced to give up.....over the island.
2. It's a nation diverse in ethnic elements. It's a nation marked by ethnic.....
3. We were enchanted by their spontaneous welcome.
 We were enchanted by the.....of their welcome.
4. Timbering has devastated the countryside.
 The.....of ihe countryside is ascribed to limbering.
5. Villagers are superstitious. Villagers are filled with.....
6. They believe in spirits. They have a strong.....in spirits.
7. Some villagers are sorcerers. Some villagers practise.....
8. Sir Lokoloko reconfirmed the national philosophy.
 A.....of the national philosophy was given by Sir Lokoloko.
9. The people are poor. The people live in.....
10. They suffer from malnutrition. They are.....
11. It is a country of high illiteracy. It is a country with a high percentage of.....people
12. A lot of people appeared to be hungry and ill.
 A lot of people appeared to be suffering from..... and.....
13. New Guinea strikes you as a sparsely populated country.
 The.....of population in New Guinea is striking.
14. The people are pious, hard-working and above all naive.
 The people are marked by......, ......and above all......
15. Most areas on the coast are covered with swamps.
 Most.....areas are covered with swamps.
16. They put all their efforts into prestige proiects.
 The projects they put all their efforts into are......
Exercise Two. In the sentences below, you are given the first two letters of a verb ending in -ATE. Complete the verbs based on the definition given in the sentence printed before it.
 e.g. Things that occur after each other or follow in turns.
 His life al......work and s/eep. (=> alternates)
1. To put on end to something.
 The chairmon te.....the discussion by calling the members to vote on the proposed 
 motion.
2. To start to find the origin of something.
 The dispute over the sovereignty of the island or......in lhe hatred between the two 
 neighbouring countries.
3. To give people an injection, called a vaccine, to protect them from disease caused by 
 germs.
 The doctor va......all the members of the local tribe against contagious diseases.
4. To be powerful, important and have control over people or things.
 Once Europe do.....over the rest of the world by colonising mony parts of it.
5. To choose someone thought suitable for a job and appoint him to office.
 The Prime Minister no.....a committee to investigate lhe charges brought against his 
 finance ministers by the opposition.
6. To get rid of something by removing it completely.
 In a welfare state poverty should be el.....
7. To organize the efforts of the people taking part in a proiect and put their activities into proper relation.
 Produclivity can be increased if we co......organization with hard work.
8. To contribute or give money to a chority without asking for anything in return.
 Mrs. Thomas do.....£1,000 to lhe children's hospital.
9. To give an area a particular description so that a function is either allowed or not to occur in it.
 Smoking is prohibited in the non-smoking de.....areas
10. To want to feel young and vigorous again.
 Many a woman cherishes the illusion that cosmetics can re.......her.
Exercise Three. In each of the following sentences, the word in BOLD type is incorrect.Write the correct word which is similar in form to the word in heavy type.
e.g. The Reverend Doubledock preaches here on alternative Sundays. => alternate
SENTENCE WITH MISTAKES 
1. The notion you put forward will be discussed of a consequent meeting.
2. He came to convas my vote in the forthcoming election.
3. I wouldn't like to transact business with such an insoluble company.
4. Young people of an impressive age can easily be manipulated.
5. We are always given preferable treatment in this hotel.
6. Postponement of their raises and threatened redundancies were the striker's main griefs.
7. I can't possibly eat this food; it's indelible.
8. It is enjoyable to play to such an appreciable audience.
9. He is illegible for the post.
10. He was very anxious to learn something of the contagious countries.
11. His book was based an imaginable incidents and characters.
12. Unfortunotely, many wildlife species are now virtuously extinct.
13. An informative denounced him to the authorities.
14. A friend that can be depended on or trusted is dependent.
15. Lower income tax on overtime earnings might act as a stimulant to industry.
CORRECT WORDS
1. .............................. 2. ............................. 3. ............................. 4. ............................
5. .............................. 6. ............................. 7. ............................. 8. ............................
9. ............................. 10. ........................... 11. ........................... 12. ...........................
13. ........................... 14. ........................... 15. ........................... 
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
A. Read the text below and choose the correct word A, B, C, or D to fit the gaps.
 Gambling was legalised in Nevada in 1931 to increase (1)......for the state. Today the casinos are very important for the financial growth of Las Vegas. Bugsy Siegel, the gangster and casino owner, is the (2).....we remember most. A Capone syndicate boss, Siegel came to Las Vegas in the late 1930s and saw a potential gold mine in the book operations that casinos used to take bets on horse races in Florida, New York, and California, Offering his syndicate's race-reporting Continental Wire Service to the bookies at a lower price than any of the existing services, Siegel (3).......the market. Then, in 1942, having (4)......the competition, Siegel abruptly raised the prices and demanded a profit share from each book. Without another source for race results, and frightened by Siegel's connections to Capone, the casinos (5)......
 With the profits, Siegel started his own casino. The ambitious Flamingo Hotel was finished in 1946. (6)......on a strip of land along the Los Angeles Highway and designed to be an elegant resort rather than a faux Western gambling hall, the Flamingo forever moved the focus of Las Vegas away from downtown. lt also (7)......the success of gambling as the town's major industry. Freed from the (8)......of their Western heritage, European-style casinos and resorts (9).......in the years atler 1946. Siegel was shot in a gangland execution in 1947, but his (10)......lives on in the gaudy formalism of casinos like Caesar's Palace and The Sands.
1. A. insurance
B. taxes
C. preoccupation
D. revenue
2. A. developer
B. politician
C. trickster
D. antagonist
3. A. pinched
B. cornered
C. managed
D. spread
4. A. eliminated
B. wasted
C. killed
D. encouraged
5. A. attacked
B. profited
C. capitulated
D. obliged
6. A. Attached
B. Situated
C. Fixed
D. Separated
7. A. promised
B. generated
C. ensured
D. demanded
8. A. border
B. conservativeness
C. confines
D. boredom
9. A. grew
B. flowered
C. crumbled
D. flourished
10. A. legacy
B. memory
C. personality
D. generosity
B. Fill the gaps in the following sentences with the correct answer A, B, C, or D.
1. David is married to Mary, so he is her.....
A. eyesore 	B. fiance 	C. plasma 	D. spouse
2. A spider spins a.....
A. lace 	B. fare 	C. yarn 	D. web
3. Nobody lives here. It's a very.....place.
A. desolate 	B. perpetual 	C. boisterous 	D. responsive
4. Nobody likes teaching that......class.
A. responsible 	B. quiet 	C. boisterous 	D. responsive
5. You must try to.....your money more sensibly.
A. advocate 	B. adapt 	C. accommodate 	D. budget
6. That little man goes unnoticed in the street, but he.....immense power.
A. swrngs 	B. handles 	C. wields 	D. practices
7. lt isn't easy to make friends with him, he puts up a.....between himself and other people.
A. barrier 	B. barricade 	C. border 	D. boundary
8. We're at a loose end; we're going through a(n).....period in business right now.
A. slack 	B. dearth 	C. fast 	D. indolent
9. The book was cheaper than I had.....
A. surveyed 	B. anticipated 	C. insisted 	D. preserved
10. David looked.....clumsy in his attempt to attract attention.
A. fancifully 	B. oddly 	C. absurdly 	D. reasonably
ANSWER KEY
Words in Action
Exercise A
1. G 2. H 3. D 4. F 5. C 6. E 7. J 8. A 9. B 10. I
Exercise B
1. illiteracy 2. inconclusive 3. out of the blue 4. in the pink 5. docile 
6. incurable 7. boisterous 8. propensity 9. pious 10. opposed
Vocabulary Development
Exercise One
1. sovereignty 2. diversity 3. spontaneity 4. devastation
5. superstition 6. belief 7. sorcery 8. reconfirmation
9. poverty 10. malnourished 11 illiterate 12. hunger/ illness
13. sparsity 14. piety hard work, naivety 15. coastal 16. prestigious
Exercise Two
1. terminated 2. originated 3. vaccinated 4. Dominated 5. nominated 
6. eliminated 7. Coordinate 8. donated 9. designated 10. recreate
Exercise Three
1. subsequent 2. canvass 3. insolvent 4. Impressionable 5. preferential 
6. grievances 7. inedible 8. appreciative 9. ineligible 10. contiguous 
11. imaginary 12. virtually 13. informer 14. dependable 15. Stimulus
Vocabulary Practice
Ex.A.: 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. A
Ex.B.: 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C
Bugsy Siegel
 Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel (February 28, 1906 – June 20, 1947) was a Jewish American mobster. Siegel was known as one of the most "infamous and feared gangsters of his day". Described as handsome and charismatic, he became one of the first front-page celebrity gangsters. He was also a driving force behind the development of the Las Vegas Strip. Siegel was not only influential within the Jewish mob but, like his friend and fellow gangster Meyer Lansky, he also held significant influence within the Italian-American Mafia and the largely Italian-Jewish National Crime Syndicate.
 Siegel was one of the founders and leaders of Murder, Inc. and became a bootlegger during Prohibition. After Prohibition was repealed in 1933, he turned to gambling. In 1936, he left New York and moved to California. His time as a mobster (although he eventually ran his own operations) was mainly as a hitman and muscle, as he was noted for his prowess with guns and violence. In 1939, Siegel was tried for the murder of fellow mobster Harry Greenberg. Siegel was acquitted in 1942.
 Siegel travelled to Las Vegas, Nevada, where he handled and financed some of the original casinos. He assisted developer William Wilkerson's Flamingo Hotel after Wilkerson ran out of funds. Siegel took over the project and managed the final stages of construction. The Flamingo opened on December 26, 1946, to poor reception and soon closed. It reopened in March 1947 with a finished hotel. Three months later, on June 20, 1947, Siegel was shot dead at the Beverly Hills home of his girlfriend, Virginia Hill. [From Wikipedia]