Sơ đồ phản ứng hoá hữu cơ

CH3 HOC 
TANALE 
CH3 HCOO 
EAX ICIT AX T 
C2H5OH 
R L CÔÏU Y IÖ ET 
C6H12O6 
UC ZG ÔL O 
C H HC 
TAXE IL NE 
aCOC 3 
aOC 
aCC 2 
 H+ 2O 
+ C 
t
0 
C2H5 CH CHO = 2 
+ 
C
2 H
5 OH
Baïc 
A etil n a x e u 
C2Ag2 
l
+ H
C 
 A
N
+
g
O
3 /
H
 N
3
C2H2Br2 
T tr e a
Brom tae n 
C2H2Br4 
 + Br2 
 + Br2 
CH3 O CCO H HC 2 
+ CH3COOH 
- CH2 - CH - 
HC 3 - CO 
O 
n
- CH 2 - H C - 
OH 
n
l yo y in l cP V i 
 t
0 P
,
,
 x
t 
 + a OHN 
CH2 = CH2 
C2H6 
C2H5Cl 
C2H4Br2 
CH2 = CH 
CN 
Acrylo nitryl 
 + H
N
C
 +
 H
2
/ P 
d 
- CH2 - CH2 - 
PE 
n 
 t
0
 P t, , x 
+ Br2 
Etilen glycol 
CH2 - CH2 
OH 
OH 
+ NaOH 
+
 K
n
M
O
4 
HOC - CHO 
Anñehit oxalic 
Axit oxalic 
HOOC - COO H 
+ CuO, t
0 + O2 / Mn
2+ 
(C2H5O2)2Cu 
+ Cu(OH)2 
( - CH2 - CH2 - O -) 
Poly ete 
n 
t
0
, P, xt 
C + HCl 
+ Cl2(bình kín) 
+ H2 / Ni 
+ Cl2 / askt 
+ H / Fe + HCl 
 Cr2O3 / 600
0
C 
+ HCl 
 + H2O / H
+ 
H
+ 
2S
O
4ñ
 / 
17
00
C
C
u
O
, 
t0
+
 H
2 
/ N
i 
+ H2O / Hg
2+ 
 80
0
C 
+ O2 / Mn
2+ 
+ H2 / xtñb 
CH3COONa 
+ N
a 
+ NaOH 
(CH3COO)2Cu 
CH3COOC2H5 
+ Cu(OH)2 
+ C2H5OH 
 H2SO4 ñ 
Men giaám 
 +
K
M
On
4 
CO2 
CH2 = CH - Cl 
+
 H
2
 N
 /
i 
- CH2 - CH - 
Cl 
PVC 
n 
 t
0
, P, xt 
+ dd KMnO4 
+ HCl 
Tinh boät 
(C6H10O5)n 
-Thaúng: Tecpen 
-Nhaùnh: Aminlotecpen 
xenlulozô 
C6H7O2(OH)3 
n 
Saccarozô 
C12H22O11 
Ñöôøng mía
C6H7O2(ONO2)3 n 
Trinitroxenlulozô 
( Thuoác suùng 
khoâng khoùi) 
+
 H
2
O
 /
 H
+
H
+
2
O
 /
 H
+
H
+
2
O
/ 
H
+
+
H 
N
O
3
 ñ
 /
 H
2
S
O
4
 ñ
C2H5ONa 
C2H5OC2H5 
C2H5O(CH3)2 
+Na 
H
2S
O
4
4
 ñ
 / 
1
00
C
 H 2
SO
4 ñ
14
0
/
0 C 
 +
 (C
H 3
) 2C
H
H
O
Men zima + O2 / 
C6H12 
NO2 
C6H6Cl6 
CH2 = CH 
Br 
CH3 
COOH 
Axit 
Benzoic 
CH3 
NO2 
NO2 
O2N 
TNT 
Toluen 
Stiren 
+ H
2 / Ni 
+ Cl2 as t/ k 
 +
NO H
3ñ 
H2S
O4ñ
+ HNO3ñ 
H2SO4ñ 
 H+ C
3
lC 
2+ N
a 
+ CH2 = CHCl 
+ N2 a 
 K
M
nO
+
4 
C 
600
0
C 
+ Br2 
- CH2 - CH - 
n 
Poly Stiren 
 t 0, 
, x
t
P
 t
0
, P
,
tx
- CH2 - CH - 
n 
 CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - 
Cao su Buna-S 
 + 
nC
4
H 6
NO2 
NO2 
O2N 
NH2 
NH2 
Br 
Br 
Br 
NH2 
 +
 d
d
B
r 2
NH3 
SO4 
2 
NH3 
HSO4 
N
uo
g
äi 
OH 
NO2 
NO2 
O2N 
OH 
Axit picric 
CH3 - CH - OSO2Na 
OH 
CH2 = CHCOOH 
Axit acrylic 
CH2 - CHCOOH 
Br 
Br 
OH 
CH3 - CHCOOH 
Axit lactic 
CH2 = CHCOOC2H5 
Etyl acrylat 
Fe xt 
+ CO + H2O 
Ni(CO)4 xt 
+ NaOH 
+ HCl 
u
l 
C
C
/ 
N
H
4
l
C
+ NaOH 
t
0
, P 
+ dd Br2 
C
+
2H
5
H
O
H
 / 
2S
O
4 
ñ 
CH2 = CH - CHO 
+ AgNO3 
NH3 
OH 
CH3 - CH - COONa 
CH3 - CH - COONa 
 ONa 
a
+N
OH
 +Na
- CH2 - CH - 
COOH 
n 
Poly acrylic 
 t
0 P
 t
,
, x
+
 H
2
O
/ 
H
+
CH2 = CH - C CH 
CH2 = CH - CH = CH2 
+ H2 / Pd 
ONa 
( - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 -)n 
Cao su Buna 
- CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - CH - CH2 - 
Cao su Buna-N 
CN 
n 
+
nC
H
2 
 C
=
H
- CN
t 0, 
x
P, 
t 
OH 
OH 
OH 
CH2 
CH2 
n 
Nhöïa Phenolfomanñehit 
Br 
Br 
Br 
OH 
Traéng (beàn) 
(n+
)
CH
+ 
1
H
O 
+ Na 
(NaOH) 
t 0
 , P, xt 
+ dd Br2 
+ HNO
3 ñ H
2SO
4 ñ 
CH3COONa 
N
O
+ 
a
H
+ NaOH 
CaO, t
0
CH4 
 CH2 = CH - CH = CH2 
BUTAÑIEN-1,3 
CH2 - CH - CH2 
Cl 
Cl 
Cl 
CH2 - CH - CH2 
OH 
OH 
OH 
Glixerin 
C3H5(ONa)3 
+ NaOH 
CH2 
CH2 
CH2 
CH2 
CH 
CH 
O 
O 
O 
O 
OH 
HO 
H 
H 
Cu 
dd xanh 
+ Na 
+ Cu(OH)2 
CH2 = CH - CH2 - Cl 
+
C
l 2
+
H 
2
O
CH2 = CH - CH3 
+ Cl2 
500
0
C 
+ H2O / H
+ 
CH3 - CH - CH3 
OH 
Propanol-2 
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH 
Propanol-1 
 H
2
OS 4
ñ /
 17
0
0 C 
A
l2 O
3
/
4
0
6
0C
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3 
+ H2 / Ni 
 H2 
CH4 
Cracking 
C6H14O6 
Soocbit 
C6H7(ONa)5O 
C6H12O7 
Axit Gluconic 
+
 H
2
 /
i
N
+ AgNO3 
NH3 + Na 
HCOONa 
HCOOH 
CO2 
CO 
C 
Q
H
Ñ
 H+ 
2O
 t
0 
NaOH
6-8 atm
Q
u
a
g
n
ô
ï
h
p 
NH3 
+ AgNO3 
CH3Cl 
CH3OH 
askt 
+ Cl2 
a
H
+ 
N
O
HCHO 
+ C
uO
, t 0 
CH2 - CHO 
OH 
CH2 - CH - CHO 
OH 
OH 
 t
0 ,
,
x
t
P
 t
0
, P, xt 
+ H2 / ZnO 
O
+
2
 /
M
n
2
+
0
N
H
/
6
0
a
O
0
C
CH3 
O 
CH 
CH3 
CH3 
CH3 
CH 
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - ONa 
+ Na 
CH3 - C - CH3 
O 
CuO
 t
0
Ni 
+ H2 
(CH3COO)2Ca 
 00
3
0
C 
CaO 
CH2 = C - COOH 
CH3 
 xtñb 
+ HCN 
CH2 = C - COOCH3 
CH3 
CH2 = C - COONa 
CH3 
CH2 = C - COOC2H5 
CH3 
+ CH3OH 
+ Na 
H2SO4 ñ 
+ C2H5OH 
H2SO4 ñ 
- CH2 - C - 
CH3 
COOCH3 
n 
Plexiglasse 
CH2 - COOH 
Cl 
CH2 - COONH4 
NH2 
CH2 - COOH 
NH2 
CH2 - COONa 
NH2 
CH2 - COOH 
NH3Cl 
(- NH - CH2 - C - NH - CH2 - C -) n 
Chuoãi 
polypeptit O 
O 
t
0
, P, xt 
+ Na (NaOH) 
+ H lC 
+ aOHN 
 Ca
+
+ NH3 + H2SO4 l 
+
 C
l 2
 a
k
 /
s
t 
KHSO4 khan 
H
2
S
O
4
 ñ
1
4
00
C
Na 
 t
0
, P 
HQÑ 
Chuù thích: 
+ xtñb: Xuùc taùc ñaëc bieät. 
+ HQÑ: Hoà quang ñieän. 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
 101 
102 
103 
104 
 105 
 106
 107
 108
 109
 110
 111
 112
 113
 114
 115
 116
 117
t
0
, P, xt 
 118
 119
 120
121
+
 H
N
O
3 ñ
H
2 S
O
4 ñ 
H
2SO
4 l 
 + H(Fe + HCl) 
 122
 123
 124
 125
 126
 127
 128
 129
 130
 131
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136
 137
 138
 139
 140
 141
 142
SÔ ÑOÀ PHAÛN ÖÙNG 
HOAÙ HÖÕU CÔ